Download The Perfect PowerPoint: All about Stomachs and Sphincters

By Justin and Kirk
 The
stomach is a muscular bag forming the
dilated portion of the alimentary canal.
 It is J-shaped and lies in the upper part of
abdomen. This region is under a cover of the
lower ribs, which protects the stomach.
 The stomachs main functions are to store
food, mix food, and control the rate in which
it delivers food to the small intestine.
 Fundus-
its is the main part of the stomach
which projects upward, is dome shaped, and
usually is full of gas
 Middle- The middle of stomach extends from
the level of the cardiac orifice to the level of
the incisura angularis
 Pyloric Antrum- It extends from the incisura
angularis to the pylorus and lies between the
body and the pylorus
 Pylorus- It is the last tubular part of the
stomach and has a thick muscular wall which
forms the pyloric sphincter
 Longitudinal
fibers- These are the most
superficial fibers of the muscular wall of
stomach. They are concentrated along the
curvatures
 Circular fibers- They lie beneath the
longitudinal fibers and encircle the body of
the stomach. They are greatly thickened at
the pylorus to form the pyloric sphincter
 Oblique fibers- They form the innermost
muscle coat of wall of stomach
Yes it does!
In fact the stomach has 5 different types of
arteries. The right and Left gastroepiploic
arteries, the right and left gastric arteries,
and the short gastric arteries.
The LES is a ring of muscle the forms a valve at
the lower end of the esophagus, where it joins
the stomach
 The Pyloric Sphincter is located at the bottom
of the stomach and is the contracting ring of
muscle which guards the entrance of the to
small intestine

 The
Pyloric Sphincter keeps the stomach shut
at the far end so that it has a chance to
digest proteins, then it opens and allows the
contents of the stomach, to pass through the
pyloric sphincter and enter the small
intestine. So basically it just controls the
emptying of chyme into duodenum
 The LES remains closed except during
swallowing, when it allows food from the
esophagus into the stomach. When its closed
it prevents backflow of the stomach acid into
the esophagus
 Some
disorders caused by a weak sphincter
Heartburn, Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER),
and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
 The pain from these is tremendous but
treatment is simple!
 Things such as antacids, foaming agents,
prokinetics, proton pump inhibitors, and h2
blockers are all used to aid these disorders!
 In extreme cases surgery is necessary, but its
very rare. Surgeries consist of stitching the
LES or burning it to help it stay shut
A peptic ulcer is a sore in the lining of your
stomach or your duodenum, the first part of your
small intestine. A burning stomach pain is the
most common symptom
 Ulcers come and go quickly, some may come and
go for a few days or weeks, some may bother
you more when your stomach is empty, and some
just go away after you eat.
 Treatment may include medicines to block
stomach acids or antibiotics to kill ulcer-causing
bacteria. Not smoking and avoiding alcohol can
help. Surgery may help for ulcers that don't heal
