Download Humerus

Appendicular Skeleton
•Pectoral girdles
•Upper limbs
•Pelvic girdle
•Lower limbs
3/4/02
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PECTORAL GIRDLES
• Pectoral girdles
– Scapulae
– Clavicles
Pectoral girdles, as seen in anterior view
Pectoral girdles, as seen in a posterior view
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Scapula
Identify:
Right side or left side?
Anterior or posterior?
• Acromion process
• Axillary border
• Corocoid process
• Glenoid cavity (fossa)
• Superior border
• Vertebral border
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Scapula
Identify:
Right side or left side?
Anterior or posterior?
• Acromion process
• Axillary border
• Corocoid process
• Glenoid cavity (fossa)
• Spine
• Superior border
• Vertebral border
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Articulations of Scapula
• What bones articulate
with the scapula?
• Specifically what
articulates at the
– Glenoid cavity (fossa)?
– Acromion process?
• How does the body of
the scapula attach to
the rib cage?
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Clavicle
• Identify
– Sternal end
– Acromial end
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Articulations of Clavicle
• What bones articulate with the clavicle?
• Specifically what articulates at the
– Acromial end?
– Sternal end?
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UPPER LIMB
• Arm
– Humerus
• Forearm
– Radius
– Ulna
• Hand
– Carpals
– Metacarpals
– Phalanges
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Upper Limbs
• Consists of the
– Right and left humeri (#1)
• Each articulates proximally with its respective
scapula and distally with its respective ulna
and radius
– Right and left radii (#2)
• Each articulates proximally with its respective
humerus and ulna and distally with its
respective hand (wrist, or carpus) and ulna
– Right and left ulnas (#3)
• Each articulates proximally with its respective
humerus and radius and distally with an
articular disk (which separates the carpus
from its respective radius)
Right, upper
limb, anterior
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Left, upper
limb, anterior
– Right and left hands (#4)
• Each articulates proximally with its respective
radius and an articular disk (which separates
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from
ulna)
ARM
• Humerus
– The humerus is the only bone of the arm
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Humerus
Identify:
Anterior or Posterior?
Left or Right side?
• Deltoid tuberosity
• Greater tubercle
• Head
• Intertubercular groove
• Lesser tubercle
• Surgical neck
3/4/02
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Humerus
Identify:
Anterior or Posterior?
Left or Right side?
• Capitulum
• Coronoid fossa
• Diaphysis
• Lateral epicondyle
• Medial epicondyle
• Radial fossa
• Trochlea
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Humerus
Identify:
Anterior or Posterior?
Left or Right side?
• Anatomical neck
• Greater tubercle
• Head
• Surgical neck
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Humerus
Identify:
Anterior or Posterior?
Left or Right side?
• Diaphysis
• Lateral epicondyle
• Medial epicondyle
• Olecranon fossa
• Trochlea
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Articulations of
Humerus
• The humerus articulates
with which bones?
• Specifically what articulates
at the:
– head of humerus?
– trochlea?
– capitulum?
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FOREARM
• Radius and ulna are
the bones of the
forearm.
– Ulna is medial
– Radius is lateral
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Ulna
Identify:
• Olecranon process
• Trochlear notch
• Coronoid process
• Radial notch
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Ulna
Identify
• Diaphysis
• Head
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Ulna
Identify:
• Coronoid process
• Olecranon process
• Radial notch
• Trochlear notch
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Ulna
Identify:
• Diaphysis
• Head
• Styloid process
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Ulnar articulations
• The ulna articulates with
which bones?
• Specifically what
articulates at the:
– trochlear notch?
– radial notch?
– head of radius?
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Radius
Identify
• Head
• Neck
• Radial tuberosity
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Radius
Identify
• Diaphysis
• Styloid process
• Ulnar notch
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Articulations of
Radius
• The radius articulates with
which bones?
• Specifically what articulates
at the:
– head?
– distal concave surface?
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HAND
• Hand consists of three
bony regions
– Carpal bones
– Metacarpal bones
– Phalanges
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Hand
Identify
• Carpals
• Distal phalanx
• Metacarpals
• Middle phalanx
• Phalanges
• Pollex
• Proximal phalanx
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Articulations of Hand
• The hand articulates with
which bones?
• Specifically what
articulates with the:
– carpals, the lunate and
scaphoid?
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PELVIC
GIRDLE
• Pelvic girdle consists of two
coxal bones (os coxae)
– Anterior articulation between two
coxal bones is the pubic symphysis
– Posterior articulation of coxal
bones is with the sacrum
– Lateral articulation of coxal bones
is with head of each femur
• Pelvis consists of the pelvic
girdle, sacrum, and coccyx
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Coxal bone
6
3/4/02
Identify:
• Anterior inferior iliac spine
• Auricular surface
• Ilium
• Ischium
• Obturator foramen
• Pubis
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Coxal bone
Identify:
• Acetabulum
• Anterior inferior iliac spine
• Anterior superior iliac spine
• Iliac crest
• Ischial tuberosity
• Obturator foramen
• Pubis
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Articulations of
the Coxal Bone
• The coxal bone
articulates with which
bones?
• Specifically what
articulates at the:
– Pubis?
– Acetabulum?
– Auricular surface?
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LOWER LIMBS
• Thigh
– Femur is the only bone of the thigh
• Leg
– Tibia is medial weight bearing bone
– Fibula is lateral bone
• Foot
– Tarsal bones
– Metatarsal bones
– Phalanges
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•
Lower
Limbs
Consists of the
– Femurs (#1)
• Proximally each articulates with its respective coxal
bone and distally with its respective patella
(anteriorly) and tibia (inferiorly)
– Patellas (#2)
• Each patella articulates with its respective femur (distal
anterior surface)
– Tibias (#3)
• Proximally each tibia articulates with its respective
femur and fibula and distally with its respective foot
(carpus, or ankle) and fibula
– Fibulas (#4)
• Proximally each fibula articulates with its respective
tibia and distally with its respective foot (carpus, or
ankle) and tibia
Right, lower Left, lower –
limb, anterior limb, anterior
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Feet (#5)
• The carpus
(ankle) of each foot articulates with its
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respective tibia and fibula
Femur
Identify:
Right or left side?
Anterior or posterior?
• Head
• Greater trochanter
• Lesser trochanter
• Neck
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Femur
Identify:
• Diaphysis
• Lateral condyle
• Lateral epicondyle
• Medial condyle
• Medial epicondyle
• Patellar surface
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Femur
Identify
• Greater trochanter
• Head
• Intertrochanteric crest
• Lesser trochanter
• Neck
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Femur
Identify:
• Diaphysis
• Intercondylar notch
• Lateral condyle
• Lateral epicondyle
• Medial condyle
• Medial epicondyle
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Articulations of
Femur
• The femur articulates with
which bones?
• Specifically what articulates
at the:
– Head?
– Medial and lateral condyles?
– Patellar surface?
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Patella
• What is a sesamoid
bone?
• The patella and its
tendon anchors the
anterior thigh muscles
to _____ ?
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Tibia
Identify:
• Lateral condyle
• Medial condyle
• Tibial tuberosity
3/4/02
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Tibia
Identify:
• Anterior crest
• Diaphysis
• Medial malleolus
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Tibia
Identify
• Lateral condyle
• Medial condyle
• Tibial facet of
proximal tibiofibular
joint
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Tibia
Identify
• Diaphysis
• Fibular notch (distal
tibiofibular joint)
• Medial malleolus
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Articulations of
Tibia
• Is the tibia medial or lateral?
• The tibia articulates with which
bones?
• Specifically what articulates at
the:
–
–
–
–
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Medial and lateral condyles?
Facet at proximal tibiofibular joint?
Medial malleolus?
Distal blunt surface of tibia?
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Fibula
Identify:
• Diaphysis
• Head
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Identify:
• Diaphysis
• Lateral malleolus
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Articulations of
Fibula
• Is the fibula medial or lateral?
• The fibula articulates with which
bones?
• Specifically what articulates at
the:
– Head?
– Lateral malleolus?
– Distal end of diaphysis?
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FOOT
Identify:
Right or left foot?
• Calcaneus
• Hallux
• Metatarsals
• Phalanges
• Talus
• Tarsals
3/4/02
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Foot
Identify:
• Calcaneus
• Metatarsals
• Phalanges
• Talus
• Tarsals
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Articulations of Foot
• The foot articulates with
which bones?
• Specifically what
articulates with the:
– talus?
– calcaneus?
3/4/02
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