Download Chapter 3: Integumentary System

OBJECTIVES
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DESCRIBE THE TYPE OF MEDICAL TREATMENT THE DERMATOLOGIST PROVIDES.
IDENTIFY THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM STRUCTURES BY LABELING AND ANATOMICAL ILLUSTRATIONS.
DESCRIBE THE PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
DESCRIBE COMMON DISEASE RELATED TO THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
DESCRIBE COMMON DIAGNOSTIC, MEDICAL, AND SURGICAL PROCEDURES RELATED TO THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
APPLY YOUR WORD-BUILDING SKILLS BY CONSTRUCTING VARIOUS MEDICAL TERMS RELATED TO THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
DESCRIBE COMMON ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS RELATED TO THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
REINFORCE WORD ELEMENTS AND THEIR MEANINGS BY COMPLETING THE FLASH CARD ACTIVITIES.
RECOGNIZE, DEFINE, PRONOUNCE, AND SPELL TERMS CORRECTLY.
DEMONSTRATE YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF THIS CHAPTER BY SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETING THE FRAMES, REVIEW, AND MEDICAL REPORT EVALUATIONS.
MEDICAL SPECIALTY (PG 63)
• DERMATOLOGY
• BRANCH OF MEDICINE CONCERNED WITH DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF DISEASE INVOLVING THE SKIN AND
THE RELATIONSHIP OF SKIN LESIONS TO SYSTEM DISEASE.
• DERMATOLOGIST
• SPECIALIZES IN SKIN DISEASE
A&P
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
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SKIN
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LARGEST ORGAN IN THE BODY
PROTECTION FROM ENVIRONMENT TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS
ACCESSORY ORGANS
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HAIR
NAILS
SEBACEOUS GLANDS
SWEAT GLANDS
SEE FIGURE 3-1 ON PAGE 64
Word Element
Meaning
adip/o
Lip/o
Steat/o
Fat (fatty tissue)
Cutane/o
Dermat/o
Derm/o
Skin
Hidr/o
Sudor/o
Sweat
Ichthy/o
Dry, scaly
Kerat/o
Horny tissue; hard; cornea
Melan/o
Balck
Myc/o
Fungus (plural: fungi)
Onych/o
Nail
Pil/o
Trich/o
Hair
Scler/o
Hardening; sclear (white of eye)
Seb/o
Sebum,sebaceous
Squam/o
Scale
Xer/o
dry
Suffixes
Meaning
-derma
Skin
-oid
Resembling
-phoresis
Carrying, transmission
-plasty
Surgical repair
-therapy
Treatment
SKIN
• SKIN
• TWO LAYERS:
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EPIDERMIS: OUTSIDE LAYER. DOES NOT HAVE BLOOD OR NERVE SUPPLY.
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STRATUM CORNEUM: DEAD FLAT CELLS.
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HAS KERATIN.
BASAL LAYER: LIVING, CONTINUES REPRODUCTION.
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HAS MELANOCYTES TO MAKE MELANIN  INCREASES WITH UV LIGHT EXPOSURE
DO SOME PEOPLE HAVE MORE MELANOCYTES THAN OTHERS?
NO, MOSTLY THE SAME. JUST SOME PRODUCE MELANIN MORE THAN OTHERS.
DERMIS: DEEP LAYER. CONSIST OF NERVE AND BLOOD VESSELS.
ACCESSORY ORGANS OF THE SKIN
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SEBACEOUS (OIL) GLANDS
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ALL AREAS OF BODY THAT HAVE HAIR
OILSEBUM, KEEPS HAIR AND SKIN SOFT AND PLIABLE & INHIBITS BACTERIA GROWTH
INCREASED OIL IN PUBERTY = BLOCKED HAIR FOLLICLE = COMEDOS (BLACKHEAD)
BACTERIA FEED ON SEBUM = PUSTULES (WHITEHEADS)
SUDORIFEROUS (SWEAT) GLANDS
HAIR
NAILS (SEE FIGURE 3-3)
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FORMED AT NAIL ROOT
MADE OF KERATIN
NAIL GROWS MAKES MATRIX BENEATH CUTICLE SLIDES FORWARD ON NAIL BED. NAIL BODY IS PINK AND YOU CAN SEE LUNULA AT THE BASE.
FORMS DENOTING COLOR (PG 80)
Combining Form
Meaning
Albin/o
White
Cyan/o
Blue
Erythr/o
Red
Leuk/o
White
Melan/o
Black
Xanth/o
yellow
AIDS
• KAPOSI SARCOMA
• SARC/O MEANS FLESH
• MALIGNANT SKIN TUMOR COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH PATIENTS WHO ARE DIAGNOSED WITH ACQUIRED
IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME
• USUALLY FATAL
Abbreviation
Meaning
AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
BCC
Basal Cell Carcinoma
cm
Centimeter (1/100)
Derm
Dermatology
FH
Family history
FS
Frozen section
I&D
Incision and drainage; irrigation and
debridement
ID
Intradermal
IM
Intramuscular
IMP
Impression
PE
Physical Exam
subcu, Sub-Q, subQ
Subcutaneous
ung
Ointment
WBC
White Blood Cell
XP, XDP
Xeroderma pigmentosum
SIGNS, SYMPTOMS AND DISEASE
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ABRASION: SCRAPING OR RUBBING AWAY OF SURFACE
ABSCESS: LOCALIZED COLLECTION OF PUS
FURUNCLE: ABSCESS ORIGINATES IN HAIR FOLLICLE (BOIL)
CARBUNCLE: CLUSTER OF FURUNCLES IN SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE
ACNE: INFLAMMATORY DISEASE OF SEBACEOUS FOLLICLE OF SKIN
ALOPECIA: ABSENCE OR LOSS OF HAIR
CYST: CLOSED SAC OR POUCH IN OR UNDER THE SKIN WITH A DEFINITE WALL THAT CONTAINS FLUID, SEMIFLUID OR SOLID MATERIAL
ECZEMA: REDNESS OF THE SKIN CAUSED BY SWELLING OF THE CAPILLARIES (FROM VARIOUS CAUSES: ALLERGIES, IRRITATING CHEMICALS, DRUGS,
SCRATCHING, RUBBING, SUN EXPOSURE)
SIGNS, SYMPTOMS AND DISEASE
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ECCHYMOSIS: SKIN DISCOLORATION CONSISTING OF LARGE, IRREGULARLY FORMED HEMORRHAGIC AREA
PETECHIA: MINUTE, PINPOINT HEMORRHAGIC SPOT OF SKIN
HEMATOMA: ELEVATED, LOCALIZED COLLECTION OF BLOOD TRAPPED UNDER SKIN
HIRSUTISM: EXCESSIVE GROWTH OF HAIR
IMPETIGO: BACTERIAL SKIN INFECTION CHARACTERIZED BY ISOLATED PUSTULES
PSORIASIS: CHRONIC SKIN DISEASE, ITCHY RED PATCHES
SCABIES: CONTAGIOUS SKIN DISEASE FROM ITCH MITE
TINEA: FUNGAL INFECTION (RINGWORM)
URTICARIA: ALLERGIC REACTION OF SKIN, PALE-RED ELEVATED PATCHES ITCHY (HIVES)
SIGNS, SYMPTOMS AND DISEASE
• VERRUCA: ROUND EPIDERMAL GROWTH CAUSED BY VIRUS (WART)
• VITILIGO: LOCALIZED LOSS OF SKIN PIGMENTATION, MILK-WHITE PATCHES (LEUKODERMA)
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES (PG 91)
• SKIN TEST: DETERMINE ALLERGEN (FIGURE 3-11)
MEDICAL & SURGICAL PROCEDURES
• CRYOSURGERY: SUBFREEZING TEMP TO REMOVE UNWANTED TISSUE
• DEBRIDEMENT: REMOVAL OF FOREIGN MATERIAL AND DEAD CELLS (BURNS)
• ELECTRODESSICAION: HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL SPARKS USED TO DEHYDRATE AND DESTROY
DISEASED TISSUE
• I&D: INCISION OF LESION AND THEN DRAINAGE
• SKIN GRAFT: SURGICAL PROCEDURE TO TRANSPLANT HEALTHY TISSUE
• ALLOGRAFT, AUTOGRAFT, XENOGRAFT (HETEROGRAFT)