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Evolution Acts on the Phenotype Quiz 1. True or False: You can tell the phenotype of a dog by looking at it. true 2. True or False: Natural selection cannot distinguish between dominant and recessive phenotypes. false 3. In genetic terms, what is a carrier? A carrier is an individual who is heterozygous (Aa) for a recessive trait. 4. How do recessive individuals exist in a population? The mating of two heterozygous individuals can produce (25% of the time) homozygous recessive (aa) individuals. 5. How is a recessive trait maintained in the gene pool? As natural selection cannot distinguish between a homozygous dominant and a heterozygous genotype, carriers will maintain the recessive allele in the gene pool. 6. If the recessive allele r is lethal, what genotypes will natural selection benefit? a) R only b) RR only c) RR and Rr d) Rr and rr 7. Natural selection acts on _________________________. a) heterozygous individuals b) homozygous individuals c) the phenotype d) the genotype 8. Why don’t individuals with Tay-Sachs pass on the Tay-Sachs allele? a) Because Tay-Sachs disease is a recessive human genetic disorder. b) Because carriers are not affected. c) Because affected individuals do not have children. d) all of the above For questions 9 and 10, use the following information. In the fictional hobbit, there exist 5 alleles of the foot size gene: F1 - F5. Each allele is dominant over an allele with a higher number. For example F3 is dominant over F4, and F4 is dominant over F5. F5 is recessive to all other F alleles, and results in a hobbled hobbit. This is usually a lethal phenotype. 9. How does the F5 allele stay in the gene pool? a) All heterozygous genotypes with an F5 allele are carriers. b) All F5 homozygous individuals are selected for by natural selection. c) The F5F5 hobbit is selected for by natural selection. d) all of the above 10. What alleles of the foot size gene are part of the gene pool? a) only the dominant alleles b) F1 and F2 only c) F1, F2, F3 and F4 d) all 5 F alleles
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