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Astroparticle Physics
Gerard van der Steenhoven (NIKHEF / RuG)
Chair “Commissie voor de Astrodeeltjesfysica in Nederland”
Scientific motivation
• Cosmic
acceleration
mechanisms
• Accumulation
of Dark Matter
• Source of GWs
• Origin of
cosmic rays
Setting up a new field
• Excellent science case

• Scientific community

• Coherent plan

• Political support

(boards: necessity)
• Funding
2005
A brief history of APP
• Fall of 2003:
– NIKHEF: “APP 2nd priority”
• Spring of 2004:
– First national APP symposium
• Fall of 2004:
– CAN: “Comm. for APP in NL”
And in 2005….
• Spring of 2005:
– Strategic Plan
• Summer of 2005:
– NL joins AUGER
– GW physics @ VU
• Fall of 2005:
– First funding successes
Political support!
• ASTRON, FOM & SRON boards:
– Written support for APP strategic plan
• National Society (NNV chair) :
H. v/d Akker, NTvN 71 (2005) 326:
“Ik denk en hoop dat jongelui een moeilijke bètastudie
kiezen omdat zij echt geïntrigeerd zijn en zich uitgedaagd voelen door de nog niet door ons ontdekte geheimen van bijvoorbeeld nanofysica, astrodeeltjesfysica, ruimtevaart, kernfusie, zonnecellen en strings”
• rECFA-chair to Minister of OC&W :
“…CAN has defined a [APP] strategic plan, and NIKHEF has correctly given this a
high priority, second only to the LHC at CERN. ECFA would like to emphasize the
importance to ensure that existing funding-structures do not attenuate this initiative,
as is often the risk for new interdisciplinary activities….”
Strategic plan
Origin (ultra) high-energy cosmics
in a multi-messenger approach
Radio
Neutrinos
Gravitational Waves
Main research efforts
1. Radio detection of cosmic rays:
–
–
LOPES/LOFAR: proof of principle + full exploitation
Pierre Auger Observatory: “jump start”, GZK limit
2. Deep sea neutrino detection:
–
–
ANTARES: proof of principle + first exploitation
KM3NeT: full exploitation,  astronomy, dark matter
3. Gravitational wave detection:
–
–
LISA-pathf.: proof of principle / Mini-Grail & VIRGO
LISA: GW discovery + GW astronomy!
Fast access to data
Discovery potential
Radio detection of CRs
• LOPES: H. Falcke et al. Nature 436 (‘05) 313
Radio detection of ’s
• Askaryan
effect:
UHE cosmic rays
• Pierre Auger Observatory:
– See talk by Ch. Timmermans
– Export LOFAR radio technique?
– Netherlands (incl. NIKHEF) joined!
A.M. van den Berg et al.
3000 km2
1600 stations
1.5 km spacing
30 events of 1020 eV per yr
Deep-sea  detection
• ANTARES ‘05:
– Line 0: no leaks
– Instrum. Line:
() < 0.3o
– Line 1:
ready
for to
deploy!!
KM3NeT Design Study
• KM3NeT (FP6 design study) :
– Negotiations concluded (0.65 M€)
– NL-part.: NIKHEF, KVI (& Utrecht!)
– Design effort in NL:
• WP2: simulations
• WP3: optical module
• WP4: information techn.
Duration: 2006 - 2008
(coordinator: M. de Jong)
Gravitational Waves
• MiniGrail (Leiden Univ.)
– Started run 8 in Aug.
• LISA:
– New VU group
– Analysis LoI
• VIRGO:
– Planning to join
VIRGO
• Compare VIRGO & LIGO (aug. ’05)
LIGO design
VIRGO design
Funding APP in NL
• Secured in 2005:
– FP6: ASPERA (“era-net”)
• 2 program managers
– KM3NeT: 0.65 M€
– VENI fellowship: Mieke B
• Funding options in NL:
– ITRG (DFG-NWO; 2006)
– SmartMix (early 2006)
– NWO network (>2006)
Els de Wolf
– FOM program (in 2007)
SmartMix
2nd tool “Innovatie Platform”
• Form consortia with industry
• Mix: 90% science + 10% industry
Dutch Leadership
Innovation & Industry
Radio detection
of cosmic rays
Geo-synchrotron effect
(H. Falcke/RU & ASTRON)
Ordina Tech. Autom. bv,
Twente Inst. W&M com.
Deep-sea 
detection
All-data-to-shore with fiber
optics (M. de Jong/NIKHEF)
Baas Group bv
DEP/Photonics bv
Gravitational
wave detection
Miniaturized inertial sensor
electronics (SRON)
Dutch Space, TNO S&I,
Bradford Engineering
APP outreach
• HiSparc:
– interest still growing…!
– Striking events: 7.6 x 1019 eV
• High-School days: waiting lists!
• New ideas: LOFAR@school
• See talk by Ilka Tanczos
In conclusion
• Astroparticle Physics in NL:
– En route towards being established!
• The science:
– Cosmic Rays, Dark Matter, GWs….
• The projects:
– Progress in each field
Spare Slides
TAUP’05 - Zaragoza
• A. Ringwald: super GZK neutrinos
Large  detectors