Download Slajd 1 - YPEF Young People in European Forests

Forest in South Europe:
Iberian Peninsula have a various vegetation,
but there dominates a mediterranean forest
with ever green trees and steppe grass.
In Spain we can see a lot of endemits, this
is very interesting area because except rare
plants there are traditional oaks and pines.
The coast of Black Sea it's inthe steps zone
too, but sometimes they pass in desert.
Very rare and beautiful plant is Dragon Tree
(L. Dracaene Draco ). Her growth is slow.
For a ten years the Dragon Tree growth up
only one meter.
Forests in SouthEurope are splendid but are in
danger because of nature and people.
We have no influence for drought but we can help
if we take care of order in forest.
Fire Protection:
When we're in forest, we mustn't smoke!!
We should try don't makes grill.
Conflagration because of grills and cigarettes is
70% of all fires in the Europe.
FORESTS IN POLAND
Polish forests are at the forefront of Europe's
when it comes to surface. The forests grow to
almost 30% of the country's land area and
occupy an area of 9.3 million hectares. Forests
in Poland are on the ground about the weakest
soil. In Polish forests structure prevail
coniferous forests with predominance Pinus
sylvestris.
Boron habitats occur on 51% of Polish forest area, and
forests on 49%. The wealth of Polish species diversity of
forests is at the forefront of Europe. Poland is a country
richly wooded.
Reasons of forest fires in
Poland:
›By careless of adults
›By careless of youth people
› Machines and devices
› Atmospheric discharge
›Arson
About 85% of the forest area is endangered by
fire!
Taiga
The taiga is the world's largest biome apart from the oceans. In North America it covers most of
inland Canada and Alaska as well as parts of the extreme northern continental United States,
where it is known as the Northwoods or "North woods". In Eurasia, it covers most
of Sweden, Finland, much of Norway, some of the Scottish Highlands, some lowland/coastal
areas of Iceland, much of Russia from Karelia in the west to the Pacific Ocean, and areas of
northern Kazakhstan, northern Mongolia, and northern Japan. However, the main tree species,
the length of the growing season and summer temperatures vary. For example, the taiga of
North America mostly consists of spruces; Scandinavian and Finnish taiga consists of a mix
of spruce, pines and birch; Russian taiga has spruces, pines and larches depending on the
region, while the Eastern Siberian taiga is a vast larch forest. A different use of the term taiga is
often encountered in the English language, with "boreal forest" used in the United States
and Canada to refer to only the more southerly part of the biome, while "taiga" is used to
describe the more barren areas of the northernmost part of the biome approaching the tree
line and the tundra biome.
Climate and geography
Extreme winter minimums in the northern taiga are typically lower than those of
the tundra. The lowest reliably recorded temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere were
recorded in the taiga of northeastern Russia. The taiga or boreal forest has a subarctic
climate with
very large temperature range between
seasons, but the long and cold winter
is the dominant feature. In Siberian
taiga the average temperature of the
coldest month is between −6 °C and −50 °C.
The winters, with average temperatures
below freezing, last five to seven months.
Temperatures vary from −54 °C to 30 °C throughout the whole year. The
summers, while short, are generally warm and humid. In much of the taiga, -20 °C would
be a typical winter day temperature and 18 °C an average summer day. The growing
Fire
Fire has been one of the most important factors shaping the composition and development of
boreal forest stands it is the dominant stand-renewing disturbance through much of the
Canadian boreal forest. The fire history that characterizes
an ecosystem is its fire regime, which has 3 elements: (1) fire type and intensity 2) size
of typical fires of significance, and (3) frequency or return intervals for specific land
units. The average time within a fire regime to burn an area equivalent to the total
area of an ecosystem is its fire rotation or fire cycle.
The dominant fire regime in the boreal forest is
high-intensity crown fires or severe surface fires
of very large size, often more than 10,000 ha,
and sometimes more than 400,000 ha.
Such fires kill entire stands. Fire rotations
in the drier regions of western Canada and
Alaska average 50–100 years, shorter than
in the moister climates of eastern Canada,
where they may average 200 years or more.
Fire cycles also tend to be long near the tree line in the subarctic spruce-lichen
woodlands. The longest cycles, possibly 300 years, probably occur in the western
boreal in floodplain white spruce.
Źródła :
http://zielonagora.wyborcza.pl/zielonagora/7,35182,21540994,lubuskie-najbardziej-zalesionymregionem-polski-lasy-na-ponad.html
•https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasy_w_Polsce#Struktura_gatunkowa_polskich_las.C3.B3w
•http://www.lasy.gov.pl/informacje/publikacje/do-poczytania/lasy-w-polsce-1/lasy-w-polsce-20161/lasy_w_polsce_2016.pdf
https://olawa998.wordpress.com/2014/03/06/przyczyny-pozarow-lasow-w-polsce/
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/
REUbWMvIAMo/UZJd7JD_rzI/AAAAAAAAAEQ/i8_1OiaR6Tg/s1600/DSC02362.JPG
https://www.meteoprog.pl/pictures/news_v_2/a3b6e551a19992f17e25c1c67a1639de.jpg
http://www.wiking.edu.pl/upload/przyroda/images/makia.jpg
•
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/RJXMmHMlrEg/U3oCV1yfYSI/AAAAAAAAYaU/pBXQpV3YyE8/s1600/Echium+wildpretii1.jpg
http://www.climatechangenews.com/files/2015/06/alaska-wildfire-600x337.jpg
https://pl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiszpania
https://pl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajga
Autors:
-Anna Siadkowska
-Marcelina Szołdra
-Wiktoria Klimkowska
ZSP nr.5 „Elektryk” kl.I fL