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IST Project N° 027568
IRRIIS Project, WP2.1
“Topology Analysis”
Rome Meeting , 6,7 April 2006
One or More Topologies ?
A methodological reflection
Adam Maria Gadomski, ENEA
http:erg4146.casaccia.enea.it
High-Intelligence &
Decision research Group
Project Topology (?)
We are
here.
Task 2.1.1
Topology data collection
and modelling
Task 2.2.1
Taxonomy of interdependencies
Task 1.4.1
MIT requirements
Task 2.1.2
Task 2.3.1
Improved models of cascade
failures
Task 2.3.2
Syntex fuctional
definition
SYNTEX
framework
…
IRRIIS
Goals
The expected results for IRRIIS within the topology analysis Work Package 2.1 are:
The identification of appropriate degrees of abstraction from LCCIs into graphs. This leads
to a comparable modelling framework for the overall IRRIIS project and is also applicable on a
general level.
Choice of an appropriate high-level abstraction of the system is essential, and
impacts both the quality of the analysis, as well as its computational complexity. A thorough
analysis of LCCIs with regard to their topological features such as connectivity, centrality,
modularity,
2. Study and selection of a critical set of measures (observables), …Therewith a reduction of the
overall complexity for the modelling
Development of a set of aggregated high level models…
- Granular, as the observables can be studied at different scales/dimensions.
We need some
Abstraction generalization
levels
what but not how – it is impossible to use only one abstraction level
TWO ESSENTIAL PROBLEMS
The aim of this contribution is to create a methodological reflection on and to suggest some
conceptualization framework for the topology problem.
Topology Analysis results have to serve for the “identification of vulnerabilities of an
abstract/generalized whole LCCI and LCCIs network" , from different perspectives.
Problem 1
LCCIs
network
MODEL
…
IRRIIS
Goals
Necessary requirements
How to form them?
Problem 2
What topology or topologies are necessary ?
It refers to the topology and Abstraction interrelation.
PROBLEM 1: SYSTEM - GOAL RELATION
complex
LCCI
System
System
Processes
Functions
LCCI
Goal
Goal
Basic relation
(Safety goal)
Suggested
decomposition
(SPG Approach,
1986-8, Gadomski)
Critical definitions:
Function, F - is a necessary, goal-oriented property of an artificial system.
Process, P - is an identifiable or designed carrier of a function.
System, S - is a carrier of processes
Goal,
G - is a required state/property of the couple (System, Environment)
ESSENTIAL ARE RELATIONS BETWEEN THEM.
Decomposition of
System - Goal Relation
S
P
F
G
SPG approach
carrier relation ( it is opposite to the property relation)
cause-consequence relation (necessary for)
One function can be realized by different processes.
One process can be a carrier of different functions.
Every artificial system specification can be presented as 4
graph layers. This paradigm enables a structuring of
specific information and knowledge about a human technological systems and LCCIs.
Generalization levels
(abstraction/specialization)
Every object from one layer can be decomposed in a
subsequent lower layer.
Attention: From users and vulnerability perspectives
most essential is availability of functions.
Vulnerability
Sources & propagation
Economy


Loss of functions
Measurements
S
P
F
Owner
developers
operators
managers
society
G
Every process and system are
properties described by
variables and parameters.
(= attributes)
Abnormal events
internal and external
 
carrier relation ( it is opposite to the property relation)
cause-consequence relation (necessary for)
Polit-econ
dec.
They are data.
Definition:
Data – everything what is/will/can be
processed mentally or by a computer.
Attention: From developers perspectives most essential
is observability of processes.
Problem 2: TOPOLOGY
Topology is a theory focused on the properties of spatial forms and their
transformations which maintains invariant some their specific attributes.
Graphs are most synthetic/abstract forms which maintain these invariants.
An example:
Topological equivalence:
Conclusion:
Specialization/decomposition
requires:
Topology A

Topology does
not enable to
decompose arcs
( interrelations)
Topology B
Here, nodes are arbitrarily distinguished.
TOPOLOGIES: TOP-DOWN IDENTIFICATION
Lack of topological equivalence
in two topological specifications
S
P
F
G
Allocation of Vulnerabilities to
Network Topologies
Different perspectives, ie different goals of a
system, require different topologies strings.
We need DATA for
General remark: IRRIIS is a research project.
Meta-topological Framework
Basic rules which
define problemsolver perspective:
Top-down
Object-based
Goal-oriented
We have 3 subject layers:
Physical, Cyber,
Organization layers.
[TOGA, 1993]
Here, every box represents a real or abstract topology.
Methodological Framework
Data acquisition
(information, knowledge
acquisition)
Generalization
levels
Problem
Recognition
Specialization
Direction
Subject Layers
G F P S
Intelligence Layer
Information &
Knowledge not
ordered or
ordered for other
purposes.
Information Layer
Goal
Function Process
Specification Direction
System
Identification
Direction
Physical Layer
Conceptualization
layers
MULTI-GOAL DOMAIN AND INTRADEPENDENCES
LCCI
S
G
MIT
Syntex
S
IRRIIS
G
S
S
G
G
Thanks
Example: DESIGN FRAMEWORK
Process
Based on
SPG
Approach.
(Abstract Managerial Intelligence)
From the ENEA’s Tech. Proposals of the EU Project EIDA,1996 & EMIR 2004
Infrastructure Simulation Game System
Servicies Functional Units
Interface
Intelligent Infrastructure
World
Simulator
IntelI.
Infrast.
Kernel
Interface
World Editor
Servicies
Units
Communication
“Absolute
Observer”
(designer)
Human
Supervisor
or Manager
Communication
Top view of the Infrastructure Simulation Game System
Copyright High-Intelligence & Decision Research Group, CAMO, ENEA , http://erg4146.casaccia.enea.it
Adam M. Gadomski, 23/06/2005