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Chloride Australia
Welcomes
Stowe Australia
To A Power Protection Seminar
Today’s presenters:
Carlo Quiriconi
Technical Services Manager
Graham Higginson
Area Manager Qld
Power Protection &
Business Continuity
A Power Protection system is a
critical tool in minimizing
Business Continuity risk  Manages power quality
 Provides support in the event of power
interruption
 Reduces the risk of disruption to critical
business processes
 Reduces the risk of lost productivity
 Reduces the risk of economic loss
 Reduces the risk of disruption to
customer service & loss of business
Growing Need for Power
Protection
UPS power is typically used to support IT
infrastructure  Computer Rooms; Data Centres; Trading Floors; Call
Centres; General Office
Other Applications include –
 Industrial Control Systems; Security Systems
Two major issues are driving use of UPS -
Growing Need For Power
Protection
Degradation Of Power Quality

Lack of investment in power infrastructure by
power utility companies.

Reduction in electrical network maintenance to
reduce cost. This decreases the reliability of the
power network

Onus onto the end user to provide performance
requirements to suit their needs.
Growing Need For Power
Protection
Increasing Demand For Quality Power By
The End User

The use of microprocessor based equipment in day
to day office business activities requires the
continuous availability of quality power to avoid
damage to critical equipment.

The use of microprocessor based equipment in
manufacturing processes requires protection from
outages to avoid unplanned & uncontrolled
downtime.
Advantages of UPS Power
Protection Against Power Interruption
The primary function of the UPS is to protect the
downstream equipment from power fluctuations  Sags or dips in voltage
 Total absence of incoming voltage which can last
milliseconds or minutes.
Advantages of UPS Power
Sample of 7 Days Mains Power
Introduction To The UPS
Key UPS Components
Mode of Operation
 Normal UPS Operation
 Bypass Operation
 Battery Operation
 True On Line UPS (Double Conversion)
 Line Interactive UPS
Key UPS Components
INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY
RESERVE STATIC SWITCH
RESERVE
(BYPASS)
SUPPLY
INPUT
SUPPLY
INVERTER STATIC SWITCH
RECTIFER
INVERTER
BATTERIES
UPS Performance
Terminology
Rectifier
Rectifiers performance is typically qualified as 6 or 12 pulse. This determines the
type of current reflected into the mains supply. A 12 pulse produces less
“harmonic” or non linear current into the mains supply.
PWM IGBT Inverter
PWM stands for “Pulse Width Modulation”. This is the “State of the Art” inverter
switching technology used to recreate the AC waveform from the DC supply.
The power module used in the inverter bridge is called an Insulate Gate Bipolar
Transistor (IGBT).
Battery Design Life (Sealed Lead Acid)
The battery quality is determined by the “Battery Design Life”. Lower rated UPS
systems (< 10kVA) use 5 year design life batteries.
Larger UPS systems typically use 10 year design life batteries and in some cases
up to 15 years design life.
UPS Performance
Terminology
6 Pulse
Current
Waveform
12 Pulse
Current
Waveform
Modes of Operation
Normal - Online
INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY
RESERVE STATIC SWITCH
RESERVE
(BYPASS)
SUPPLY
INPUT
SUPPLY
INVERTER STATIC SWITCH
RECTIFER
INVERTER
BATTERIES
Modes of Operation
Bypass (Reserve)
INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY
RESERVE STATIC SWITCH
RESERVE
(BYPASS)
SUPPLY
INPUT
SUPPLY
INVERTER STATIC SWITCH
RECTIFER
INVERTER
BATTERIES
Modes of Operation
Battery Operation
INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY
RESERVE STATIC SWITCH
RESERVE
(BYPASS)
SUPPLY
INPUT
SUPPLY
INVERTER STATIC SWITCH
RECTIFER
INVERTER
BATTERIES
True On line Technology
INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY
RESERVE STATIC SWITCH
RESERVE
(BYPASS)
SUPPLY
INPUT
SUPPLY
INVERTER STATIC SWITCH
RECTIFER
INVERTER
BATTERIES
True On Line UPS
(Double Conversion)
Advantages
Continuous Regulation Of Output Voltage & Frequency
The load is supplied with conditioned power at all times.
Higher Reliability
UPS internal components are in continuous operation. The internal
components are not in stand by operation to support the critical load.
Disadvantages
Efficiency
There is a cost of ownership due to heat losses
Line Interactive UPS
INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY
RESERVE STATIC SWITCH
RESERVE
(BYPASS)
SUPPLY
INPUT
SUPPLY
INVERTER STATIC SWITCH
RECTIFER
INVERTER
BATTERIES
Interactive Technology
(Stand By Mode)
Advantages
Efficiency
Improved efficiency due to direct supply from mains
Disadvantages
Non-Regulated Output Supply
Direct mains supply exposes critical load to voltage & frequency variations
Lower Reliability
Internal components are rated for short term operation during power absences
UPS Configurations
Single UPS
Parallel UPS
Parallel Redundant (N+1)
Independent Dual UPS (N+N)
Single UPS
(Single Input Supply)
Typically for Lower rating
UPS < 10kVA in single or
three phase
UPS Input
Board
UPS DB No1
Single UPS
(Dual Input Supply)
Typically for higher rating
UPS > 10kVA three phase
UPS Input
Board
UPS DB No1
Parallel UPS
(2 units up)
Load requires all UPS available for supply capacity
All UPS can be considered as one UPS system
UPS Input
Board
UPS DB No1
Parallel Redundant (N+1)
(2 units up)
Configuration allows for one UPS at a time to be isolated without removal
of UPS supply.
The maximum load permissible on the UPS system is determined by
capacity remaining with the removal of a single UPS unit
UPS Input
Board
UPS DB No1
Independent Dual UPS
(N+N)
Dual plane installations. (Dual Cord Technology)
Higher reliability required and achieved due to duplication of all infrastructure to
end equipment.
UPS DB No1
UPS Input
Board
UPS DB No1
External Maintenance
Bypass Introduction
Purpose
Facilitates transfer of output load UPS to an alternative supply
source for UPS maintenance works or UPS replacement.
Ensures no “LIVE” power is present on the UPS (OH&S).
Key Features
 Make before break changeover facility
 Interlock facility with UPS to inhibit transferring between two
sources which are not synchronized.
 Changeover switch can have 1-4 poles.
External Maintenance
Bypass Introduction
Interlocking Systems
Rotary Switches  Electro-mechanical via a solenoid or blocking relay which inhibits the rotation of the
switch. A push button enables the switch to rotate and simultaneously transfers the
UPS to static bypass
 Mechanical Interlock which inhibits the rotation of the switch. A push button enables
the switch to rotate and simultaneously transfers the UPS to static bypass during the
transfer operation.
Circuit Breakers/ Switches  Mechanical inter-lock via two Fortress/Castell keys located in UPS output switchboard
and a third key connected into UPS system transfer control. The changeover circuit
breakers cannot be closed without the keys present.
External Maintenance
Bypass Configurations
Rotary Wrap Around (3 Position)
Rotary Changeover (2 position)
Keyed Changeover
Rotary Wrap Around
External Bypass Switch
Typically installed for
single or three phase
UPS up to 10kVA
3 Position
Rotary Wrap Around
External Maintenance Bypass
Switch
UPS Input
Board
UPS DB No1
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
- Single supply required
- 3 pole more expensive than 2 pole
- Bypass and UPS share one supply
Rotary Changeover
External Bypass Switch
Typically installed for 3 phase UPS
systems from 10kVA to 160kVA
2 Position
Rotary Changeover
External Maintenance Bypass
Switch
UPS Input
Board
UPS DB No1
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
- Less expensive than a 3 position
- Requires second supply source
from switchboard
- Independent supply sources for
UPS and Bypass
Recommended Design
Two Position Rotary Switch
Special feature - Safety interlock with maintenance bypass supply
TO UPS EXTERNAL
BYPASS INTERLOCK
TERMINALS
PUSH
BUTTON
INTERLOCK
SOLENOID
FROM MAINTENANCE
BYPASS SUPPLY CIRCUIT
BREAKER
FROM UPS OUTPUT
SUPPLY
TO UPS DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
Sample of a
Two Position Switch
Keyed Change Over
Bypass Switch
Typical Installation
Utilized for large UPS systems with rating typically >160kVA
Reasons
 It is more cost effective to use circuit breaker or isolators
>250A.
 Higher fault current rating
 External maintenance bypass is incorporated into UPS
Input/Output Switchboards.
Keyed Change Over
Bypass Switch
UPS “A” key when removed forcing UPS into Static Bypass
“A” key inserted into “External Maintenance Bypass Switch “to allow it to close and
trap key”
“UPS Output Switch” opened releasing an “A” key to return to UPS system..
EXTERNAL MAINTENANCE
BYPASS SWITCH
UPS INPUT/OUTPUT SWITCHBOARD
KEY A
UPS UNIT
RESERVE
SUPPLY
MAIN
INPUT
ISOLATOR
KEY A
UPS OUTPUT
SWITCH
INPUT
SUPPLY
KEY A
BATTERY
UPS
DISTRIBUTION
Chloride
‘Power Solutions’ Company
The Electrical Contractor is often the
client’s first port of call for power issues.
Power problems can be complex in their
nature and require well integrated solutions.
Chloride can design, deliver and support the
resolution of these power issues.
Chloride Global History
Started in 1891 in Manchester
Head Office in Victoria, London
as a Battery Manufacturing Group
Since 1970’s Group is now Focused on
the Worldwide Provision of Power
Protection Products and Services
Chloride Key Operations
Centers
Southampton, England
World HQ
Erlangen Germany
R&D UPS
Madrid Spain
Line Cond. Manufacture
Bologna Italy
UPS Manufacture
Lyon France
Chloride Industrial Systems
CIS Manufacture
Global Locations
Factories (Manufacturing, R&D, Sales, Service)
Sales and Service Companies
Regional Support Offices
Business Partners
Local Operations
Chloride Offices
Head Office Sales &
Services
Sydney
Satellite Offices Sales
and Service
Brisbane
Melbourne
Perth
Canberra
Business Partners
Total Staff > 60
Chloride Power Protection
Credentials
Specialist Power Protection Company
 Major global power protection company
 Major supplier of UPS projects in Australia
 Power protection solutions & field service from
desktops to major data centres across all industries
 Commercial UPS systems from 300VA to 6.4MVA
 Options for stand-alone, parallel & redundant
configurations
 Line conditioners
 Industrial UPS systems, chargers & rectifiers
 Australia’s largest multi-vendor UPS service
provider
Chloride Power Protection
Credentials
A Total Solution For Any Power
Protection Application
 System Design
 Project Management
 Installation & Commissioning
 Testing
Over Its Complete Life
 Field Support
Standard Or Tailored Field
Service Programs
Field Service Programs For
All Makes of UPS & DC
Standby Power Systems
 Planned preventive maintenance
 Battery testing
 Battery monitoring
 Remedial maintenance services
 Planned & remedial battery
replacement
 Technical support – 8 & 24 hour
 24hr/365day remote monitoring
(Chloride UPS)
 Site Audits
Whatever your requirements we can offer an expert solution
Discussion Topics
“Improving The Installation Process ”
UPS Delivery & Positioning
Cabling Information
Cable Access Into UPS
DC Cable & Battery Installation
Communications & Interface Cables
Commissioning Process