Download Unit 7.3 Fighting WW2

Chapter 12 – World War II

#5 Fighting WWII

Essential Question:
◦ What role did the United States play in fighting in
Europe and Asia during World War II?

Warm-Up Question:
◦ What was the significance of :
◦ Pearl Harbor?
World War 2 was a two “theater” war:
Europe and the Pacific
The “Big Three”
Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin
Axis Powers in 1942
World War 2 in Europe
“Europe First” & Battle of the Atlantic
Battle of Stalingrad:
Winter of 1942-1943
German Army
Russian Army
1,011,500 men
1,000,500 men
10,290 artillery guns
13,541 artillery guns
675 tanks
894 tanks
1,216 planes
1,115 planes
The Italian Campaign
[“Operation Torch”] :
Europe’s “Soft Underbelly”
y Allies plan
assault on
weakest Axis
area - North
Africa - Nov.
1942-May 1943
y George S.
Patton leads
American troops
y Germans
trapped in
Tunisia surrender over
275,000 troops.
When the U.S. entered WW2 in late 1941,
Germany
controlled
the Axis Powers were clearly winning the war
almost all of Europe
Axis armies
controlled northern
Africa & threatened
the Suez Canal
Germany
pressed into
the USSR
Quick World War 2 in Europe Review
Victory in
North Africa
Turning Point:
Stalingrad
Operation Torch &
liberation
of Italy
Fighting
in Europe, 1942-1943
Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders
for D-Day [“Operation Overlord”]
D-Day (June 6, 1944)
Normandy Landing
(June 6, 1944)
German Prisoners
Higgins Landing Crafts
Storming the beaches of Normandy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
82RTzi5Vt7w
Operation Market Garden
Largest Airborne
operation up to that
time
 Goal was to force
entry into Germany
over the lower Rhine
 Ended in complete
failure, 17,000 allied
casualties
 English Airborne lose
8,000 killed or
captured


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9zBf
5LO7fI
The Battle of the Bulge:
Hitler’s Last Offensive
Dec. 16, 1944
to
Jan. 28, 1945
Europe 1944-1945
D-Day
invasion
of
Soviet
army
Battle of the Bulge seizes Berlin;
Nazi-occupied
GermanyFrance
surrenders May 7, 1945
Mussolini &
His Mistress,
Claretta
Petacci
Are Hung in
Milan, 1945
Hitler Commits Suicide
April 30, 1945
Cyanide & Pistols
The Führer’s Bunker
Mr. & Mrs. Hitler
US & Russian Soldiers Meet at
the Elbe River: April 25, 1945
Europe 1944-1945
V-E Day (May 8, 1945)
While American forces
fought in North Africa
in 1942, the U.S. Navy
began fighting Japan
Pacific Theater of Operations
Fighting in the Pacific Theater:
1942-1945
To review key battles of the Pacific theater, we
watched a 9 minute video and took notes
To access this film, go HERE and watch
Chapter 7 “Achieving Victory in the Pacific.”
As you watch the film, fill in the blanks on the
corresponding notes sheet.
This website may be password protected; If so,
create a log-in account…its free to sign up
U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,
the Philippines [March, 1942]
Bataan Death March: April, 1942
76,000 prisoners [12,000 Americans]
Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POW
camps in the Philippines.
Allied Counter-Offensive:
“Island-Hopping”
“Island-Hopping”: US Troops
on Kwajalien Island
Farthest Extent
of Japanese Conquests
Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle:
First U. S. Raids on Tokyo, 1942
Battle of Midway Island:
June 4-6, 1942
Battle of Midway Island:
June 4-6, 1942
Japanese Kamikaze Planes:
The Scourge of the South Pacific
Kamikaze Pilots
Suicide
Bombers
US Marines on Mt. Surbachi,
Iwo Jima [Feb. 19, 1945]
Whether to Drop the Atomic Bomb:
Critical Thinking Decision A
The Manhattan Project:
Los Alamos,
NM
Major General
Lesley R. Groves
Dr. Robert
Oppenheimer
I am become
death,
the shatterer
of worlds!
Tinian Island, 1945
Little Boy
Fat Man
Enola Gay Crew
The Manhattan Project
 Based
on scientific research, FDR
created the Manhattan Project, the
code name for developing an atomic
bomb:
◦ Robert Oppenheimer was put in
charge of developing the bomb
◦ From 1942-1945, a number of
secret labs across the country
developed & built the bomb
In July 1945, the bomb was
The bomb
was constructed
successfully
tested in
at Los Alamos,
a secret city
Oak Ridge,
TNProject Trinity
NewinMexico
during
Physicist Enrico Fermi at the
Nuclear
plant in Hanford, WA
University of Chicago
developed
developed the plutonium
the nuclear reaction
Whether to Drop the Atomic Bomb:
By 1944,
In addition,
The
Americans
Japanese
Japanese
gained
refused
soldiers
supremacy
to surrender
resorted
of the
to air
&horrific
ran daily
acts
even
fire
ofinbombings
barbarity
the face on
of defeat
the
Japanese
battlefield
cities
Dropping the Atomic Bomb
 Truman
issued the Potsdam
Declaration to Japan: surrender or
face prompt & utter destruction
◦ When Japan refused to surrender
Truman ordered the bombing of
Hiroshima on August 6, 1945
◦ After 3 days, the Japanese gov’t did not respond to
the bombing
◦ The U.S. dropped a 2nd atomic bomb in the city of
Nagasaki
Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb
Hiroshima – August 6, 1945
© 70,000 killed
immediately.
© 48,000 buildings.
destroyed.
© 100,000s died of
radiation poisoning &
cancer later.
The Beginning of the
Atomic Age
Nagasaki – August 9, 1945
© 40,000 killed
immediately.
© 60,000 injured.
© 100,000s died of
radiation poisoning
& cancer later.
Whether to Drop the Atomic Bomb:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
v5OI9xrJ8Zw
Hiroshima
Nagasaki
V-J Day (September 2, 1945)
Dropping the Atomic Bomb

Effect of the atomic bomb:
◦ Saved Millions of lives because it prevented a U.S.
land invasion of Japan
◦ Revenge for Pearl Harbor
◦ Showed the USSR that the USA had the ultimate
weapon (began the Cold War nuclear arms race)
WW2 Timeline
(Allies, Axis, USSR)
Country
Men in war
Battle deaths
Wounded
Australia
1,000,000
26,976
180,864
Austria
800,000
280,000
350,117
Belgium
625,000
8,460
55,5131
40,334
943
4,222
339,760
6,671
21,878
Canada
1,086,3437
42,0427
53,145
China3
17,250,521
1,324,516
1,762,006
Czechoslovakia
—
6,6834
8,017
Denmark
—
4,339
—
Finland
500,000
79,047
50,000
France
—
201,568
400,000
20,000,000
3,250,0004
7,250,000
Greece
—
17,024
47,290
Hungary
—
147,435
89,313
India
2,393,891
32,121
64,354
Italy
3,100,000
149,4964
66,716
Japan
9,700,000
1,270,000
140,000
Netherlands
280,000
6,500
2,860
New Zealand
194,000
11,6254
17,000
75,000
2,000
—
—
664,000
530,000
650,0005
350,0006
—
410,056
2,473
—
—
6,115,0004
14,012,000
5,896,000
357,1164
369,267
16,112,566
291,557
670,846
3,741,000
305,000
425,000
Brazil2
Bulgaria
Germany
Norway
Poland
Romania
South Africa
U.S.S.R.
United Kingdom
United States
Yugoslavia
WW II
Casualties
1. Civilians only.
2. Army and navy figures.
3. Figures cover period July 7,
1937 to Sept. 2, 1945,
and concern only Chinese
regular troops. They do not
include casualties suffered
by guerrillas and local
military corps.
4. Deaths from all causes.
5. Against Soviet Russia;
385,847
against Nazi Germany.
6. Against Soviet Russia;
169,822
against Nazi Germany.
7. National Defense Ctr.,
Canadian
Forces Hq., Director of
History.