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Location Chandler Murphy Humanities- Ancient Greece The Greeks: Crucible of Civilization Notes Date People Law Empire Ancient Greece Athens Clystenes BC- 508 BCClystenes made Greece change from oligarchy to democracy 570 Themesticles: had fought when Persians first invaded in Marathon Bay— revolutionized war by using trireme (war ship) At Clystenes’ time Sparta ruled southern Peloponnesus 4/30/2017 Mr. Baskin 6-C Government Other Had countless tiny nations called citystateseach significant Man named People wanted Pythagoras also to govern thought it was themselves his right to have power—he needed army forces from outside Athens to help—turned to Spartans-- he failed to conquer any lands Athens started In 510 BC to gain power, Clystenes was so Persian one of most Empire invaded powerful figures and Persian in Athens— Wars started— gained power 6,000 Persians dead Persian Empire In 508 BC wanted to ordinary people conquer Athens demanded freedom from rulers— democracy was created Athenians won In democracy in the war and kept Athens citizen their land assembly would vote on issues every nine days—black pebble: no— white pebble: yes Clystenes used to be a ruler before 508 BC Reading and writing luxury in Athens and life expectancy at birth was low Athens originally under rule of Aristocrats Sparta had great military power Spartans were always a threat to other Greeks Tool of war to defeat enemies and gain empire: trireme, triremes are expensive, so Themesticles wanted to use the money out of the silver Athenians found to build some for force against Athens: mostly Sparta Money used from silver to build 200 triremes to defend and gain empire Persian king, Darius died in 486 BC and son, Zexes took power and said “On my father’s behalf, and on the behalf of all my subjects I will not rest, until I have taken Athens and burnt it to the ground” Zexes gathered troops from every corner of his empire to claim Athens in Persian Empire Once a year each citizen could scratch the name of an individual onto a shard of pottery, known as ostrican, person that came up most in pot was banished from Athens Ancient Greek stories and myths inspired Clystenes Athenians banished Themistocles, man who lead Athens to Persian War victory. Clystenes wanted to overthrow tyrant that ruled Athens- Hippias: Hippias was trapped in his own stronghold, captured and banished from Athens After Olympics started Themistocles, in Greece—big Athens got new thing to win leader named Olympics Pericles Pericles formed the idea of a Parthenon, building on top of Acropolis for government Athens had turned from a rural village to an international economic power because of trade Strategy for Themesticles to win war was to fight on narrow body of water with fleet of triremes. Greeks won Persian War for a second time, kept Athens Themesticles was done, had convinced Athenians to build navy, therefore won Persian War. After Persian War was won, and Persian Empire was defeated the Athenians could build empire of their own Athenians formed Delian League, alliance of city-s. to keep Persians from conquering Greece, Delian League had became Athens’ empire Treasury of Delian League located on island of Delius in a mountain side By 450 BC Delian League had 200 member citystates: Athens the leader of this league In 431 BC Pericles wants to go to war with Sparta, so they did, seeking to conquer Sparta Pericles wants people to go behind city walls for safety. Sparta invaded Athens and burnt all farmland around the city Plague struck Athens from the grain: killed 1/3 of pop. And Pericles in 429 BC Neither side won the Peloponnesian War Athens was defeated, didn’t gain empire Persians wanted revenge when they saw Athens was weak In 404 BC Athens surrendered to Spartan commander Lysander Resume at google videos pt2