Download Strategies for Managing FHB in Western Canada

Strategies for Managing Fusarium
Head Blight in Western Canada
A literature review of modern
agronomic management techniques
for FHB in Wheat, Barley and Oats.
Jasmine Hoover
International Bioresources Research Group
www.ibrg.ca
Outline
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Introduction
Fungicide Control Research
Biocontrol Research
Crop Residue Control Research
Research into other emerging strategies
Useful resources
Introduction
Research
• Focus on recent research
• Agronomic management techniques
• Western Canada
• Wheat, Barley and Oats
Background Facts
• Wheat, Barley and Oats are grown on over 11
million hectares in Canada, the majority in Western
Canada
• Fusarium Head Blight is a costly crop disease,
management is financially important for producers.
• A basic search on major databases resulted in over
1,800 articles on managing FHB
• F. graminearum, an aggressive form of Fusarium is
heading West in Canada.
(Others: F. poae, F. sporotrichiodes, F. equiseti, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, F.
crookwellense)
Fungicide Control Research
• Aerial vs Ground
Application
• Timing of
application
• Fungicide Varieties
• Integration
Fungicides Available in Canada
NAME
Active ingredients
Maker and registration
Research results
Prosaro
Mixture of
tebuconazole and
prothoconazole
prothioconazole
Bayer- available for the
2011 growing season
2010 – Good / Bad results (US)
2011 – yield benefit (CAN)
Bayer - available in 2010
2010 -some reduction in Fusarium
(US)
2011 - yield benefit (CAN)
Caramba and
Metconazole
Fungicide
Technical
Folicur
metconazole
BASF – registered in 2011
2010 - Good and Bad results (US)
2011 – no yield benefit (CAN)
tebuconazole
Bayer- original FHB
fungicide
2005 – combination of Folicur and
JAU6476 resulted in good control
(US)
2011- yield benefit (CAN)
JAU6476
prothioconazole
Bayer - 2011 proposed for
full registration from
Health Canada
2005 – combination of Folicur and
JAU6476 resulted in good control
(US)
Proline
Not available : JS399-19 (a cyanoacrylate) , Azoxystrobin (a strobilurin) , and
Carbendazim.
Biocontrol Research
Fungi
Bacteria and Yeast
- Clonostachys rosea
- pseudomonas
-Trichoderma sp.
fluorescens CHAO ,
Pseudomonas
fluorescens A506)
-Epicoccum & Alternaria
sp.
-Sphaerodes
mycoparasitica
Other Organisms
- Soil microbiota
- Earthworms
- Bacillus species
- Yeast treatment
Biocontrol agents often work more effectively in laboratory conditions. Variables such as competition for
nutrients, water availability etc. can stress the biocontrol agent. Current (2009) research is looking at
physiological improvements to biocontrol agents that can improve their effectiveness against Fusarium
infection in the field. Results of this work have showed that physiologically modified strains of Bacillus
subtilis RC218 and Brevibacillus sp. RC 263 were effective biocontrol agents.
Crop Residue Control Research
• Previous Crop
X Maize
 soybean
 sunflower
 Canola
• Herbicide Use
- More research needed
• Tillage
- Conflicting research
Other Emerging Strategies-A
Cultivar Use
-
Chinese Sumai 3
Organic Farming
Practices
- Malabar
- Truman
-Bess
- MD01W233–06–1
Fertilizer
Research
- Brigade
- Conflicting results
- Eurostar
- Need for research
- Enterprise
- DT801
- CDC Verona
- Carberry
- Need for more
research
- German study
showed decrease in
FHB
- Saskatchewan study
showed decrease in
FHB
Other Emerging Strategies-B
Climate Change and Agronomic Management
• Fusarium infection is primarily effected by environment
• A change in the environment can effect Fusarium infection
• Indirect effects of climate change may also impact Fusarium Infection
Integrated Management
• Combining the best techniques for maximum management
• Suggested by many modern research reports
• Recommended by USWBSI , Saskatchewan Agriculture etc.
Risk Forecasting / Modeling
• DONcast. (http://www.weatherinnovations.com/doncast.cfm).
• Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives has a FHB Risk Forecast
(http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/fhb/index.html).
• The Minnesota Association of Wheat Growers and the University of
Minnesota’s scab epidemic risk model (http://mawg.cropdisease.com/).
• North Dakota State University has a Small Grain Disease Forecasting
Model and a Barley DON Model
(http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/cropdisease/).
• US Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative’s fusarium head blight risk
assessment tool (http://www.wheatscab.psu.edu/riskTool_2011.html).
• WeatherFarm (Canadian Wheat Board). www.WeatherFarm.com .
Conclusion
• Need for more research
• Recurring theme of Integrated Management
• Increase in available tools and resources for
producers
• Important to keep on top of the new research and
knowledge.
Thank You
This research was sponsored by the Western Grains Research
Foundation (WGRF)
Contact IBRG
[email protected]
#127 – 116 Research Drive
Saskatoon, SK S7N 3R3