Download List the 5 things in milk

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRIES QUESTION AND ANSWER CARDS
List the 5 things in milk
What is changed when you treat milk?
ANS Protein, sugar, fats, vitamins and
minerals
ANS The taste
What is pasteurised milk?
ANS Milk that has been heated to
71oC to kill the disease causing bacteria.
How is UHT milk produced?
ANS Milk that has been heated to 140oC to
kill all the bacteria
What is semi skimmed milk?
ANS Milk that has about half of the fat
removed.
What is the name of the test that detects
bacteria in the milk?
ANS Resazurin
What is added to milk to change it into
yoghurt
ANS (yoghurt) bacteria
Explain what happens to the milk to change
it into yoghurt
ANS The bacteria eat the sugar (lactose)
and pass out lactic acid that makes the milk
thicker
What is skimmed milk?
ANS Milk that has nearly all the fat
removed
Why do we want to change milk into
yoghurt?
ANS To make milk last longer – preserve
milk
What do you call the milk that has a lot of
the water removed?
Why is rennet added to the milk?
ANS Evaporated milk
ANS To make cheese / clot the milk
Why is UHT milk produced?
List 2 sources where we could get the
rennet from.
ANS To preserve the milk and make it last
longer
ANS Calves; genetically engineered fungi
grown in fermenters.
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRIES QUESTION AND ANSWER CARDS
What is the liquid waste called that is left
over after making cheese from the curds?
ANS
Whey
What else can be added to the milk to help
make the cheese?
ANS Bacteria
Explain why is it added?
ANS Bacteria eat the sugar in the milk and
help clot the protein and the also affect
the flavour of the cheese.
Explain what can happen if we pour this
liquid whey into our rivers.
ANS Bacteria eat the whey and use up the
oxygen and other organisms eg fish will die.
Instead of dumping whey into the rivers we
can change it, called upgrading. List two
ways we could upgrade the whey.
ANS Fed to cattle or fed to yeast the make
a creamy alcoholic drink.
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRIES QUESTION AND ANSWER CARDS
What is added to normal washing powders to
change them to biological washing powders.
Why is it bad for our rivers, if biological
washing powders get into them?
ANS Enzymes to digest (eat) the stains
ANS The washing powders contains
chemicals that make the algae grow in the
river and when they die the bacteria eat
them and use up the oxygen.
Explain where we get them from?
ANS Bacteria
What can we do to reduce the bad effect on
our rivers?
What is the name of the container we
produce them in?
ANS A Fermenter
List two allergic reactions caused by
biological washing powders?
ANS Skin rashes and eczema
How are these reactions prevented?
ANS Enzymes have a harmless waxy
coating
What 2 advantages are there if we use
biological washing powders?
ANS Less damage to delicate fabrics and
save energy
Why is it good for the environment to use
biological washing powders?
ANS It washes at lower temperatures, so it
will reduce the electricity used and less
pollution produced.
ANS Reduce the chemicals in the detergent
or remove the chemicals before it goes into
the rivers.
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRIES QUESTION AND ANSWER CARDS
What type of microbe is yeast?
ANS
Fungi
Explain how yeast can be used to make
bread?
ANS Yeast produces carbon dioxide gas
that makes the dough rise
Explain how brewery conditioned beer is
made.
ANS The brewery conditioned beer
removes the yeast and carbon dioxide has to
be added.
Why is an enzyme added to the milk drink?
ANS Changes sugar into lactic acid
List three factors that will effect the
alcohol content of beer.
Why is yeast added to the milk?
ANS type of yeast ; temperature;
fermentation time
ANS Changes some of the sugar to alcohol
and carbon dioxide
Explain how yeast makes beer.
Explain the term immobilisation when making
fermented milk drinks
ANS The yeast eats the sugar and passes
out alcohol and carbon dioxide
What is this process called?
ANS
Fermentation
Explain how cask conditioned beer, called
real ale, differs from brewery conditioned
beers.
ANS Cask conditioned keeps the yeast in
the beer and the yeast will make the carbon
dioxide
ANS This is when the yeast and enzyme is
put into a jelly bead.
Why is the immoblisation technique used
when making fermented milk drinks?
ANS The yeast and the enzyme can be
immobilised so they can be removed from
the drink and can be used over again
Yeast is used to produce the flavour in many
foods. Name one food.
ANS Crisps
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRIES QUESTION AND ANSWER CARDS
Yeast is used to produce the colour in many
foods. Name one food.
ANS Salmon
If waste from the yeast industry is put into
rivers explain what happens
ANS If the waste gets into the rivers it
feeds the bacteria and they increase and
use up the oxygen which means fish die.
What can the waste be upgraded to?
ANS Cattle cake or yeast can be fed whey
and this will produce a creamy alcoholic
drink
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRIES QUESTION AND ANSWER CARDS
Which organisms produces antibiotics
naturally?
ANS Fungi
Which scientist discovered antibiotics?
ANS
Alexander Fleming
What do antibiotcs do the bacteria?
ANS Antibiotics destroy bacteria and
prevent them from growing
List two fungal infections
ANS
Thrush and athlete’s foot
Humans can genetically engineer microbes to
work for us. What do we have to put into
the microbe to make it work for us?
ANS A useful gene ( recipe)
List 2 factors which could be controlled by
the computer in a fermenter to give good
growing conditions.
ANS Temperature or pH
Some bacteria are not affected by certain
antibiotics. What do you call this bacteria?
ANS The bacteria is resistant to the
antibiotic
What do you call the vessel antibiotics are
produced in?
ANS Fermenter
To produce antibiotics in a large scale the
vessel is called an automated industrial
fermenter . Industrial means made in large
quantities but what does automated mean?
ANS
Controlled by computers
What do antifungals do?
ANS
Limit fungal growth
Antibiotics are overused – what can happen
because of this?
ANS Bacteria can become resistant to the
antibiotic