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Answer key___ Name: __ Pretest score: _____/ 49 Posttest Score: _____/ 49 Pretest: Ch 7.1 & 7.2 Cell Structure and Function Label the diagram below by filling in the table with the name of each organelle indicated and its function/job within the cell. Here’s word list to help you out: Ribosome cytoplasm cell wall mitochondria nuclear membrane chloroplast lysosome endoplasmic reticulum vacuole nucleus cell membrane Golgi bodies Letter: Name of structure: Function/job of structure: A Cytoplasm Dissolved materials, “fills in” cell, B Chloroplast C Nuclear membrane Nucleus D E gives structure, some chemical processes Photosynthesis; makes food for plants Controls in/out of nucleus Controls cell functions, contains DNA/chromosomes Endoplasmic Makes/packages materials (fats reticulum and proteins) for transport inside cell F G H I J K L Ribosome Golgi Apparatus Central Vacuole Lysosome Cell membrane Mitochondria Cell Wall Make proteins Modifies proteins/materials from ER for use outside or inside cell Stores water for plant cell Holds digestive enzymes Controls what goes into and out of cell makes energy (ATP) from food for cell functions; cell respiration Support/structure for plant cells 25. – 26. Which cell above is a plant cell and which is an animal cell? How can you tell? Cell 1 …animal…has no central vacuole, no cell wall, no chloroplasts Cell 2…plant… has central vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts Bacterial cells are very different. Label the parts of a bacterial cell and tell their function. Here is a word list: DNA pili plasmid ribosome cell wall cell membrane flagella _ribosome_ makes proteins __cell wall_ provides structure _DNA_ instructions for running cell _pili_ used during reproduction _cell membrane_ controls what goes in/out _plasmid_ extra DNA _flagella_ movement 41 - 43. What is the Cell Theory? (3 parts) 3 parts: All living things made of cells Cells are basic structure and function of living things (can do all things living things can do) Cells only come from other cells 44. – 45. What is a prokaryotic cell (i.e. what special things does it have or not have?) Give at least 1 example of a prokaryotic cell. Simpler (older) form of life, like bacteria and archaea No membrane-bound organelles…no lysosomes, vacuoles, nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, etc. All cell functions take place in the cytoplasm rather than in specific organelles. 46. – 47. What is a eukaryotic cell (i.e. what special things does it have or not have?) Give at least 1 example of a eukaryotic cell. More complex forms of life (plants, animals, fungi, protists) Have organelles w/membranes…lysosomes, vacuoles, nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, etc. Cell functions take place in specific organelles. 48. – 49. The cell membrane is called a “fluid mosaic.” Explain the structure of the cell membrane and how it is a fluid mosaic. Drawing a picture might help, but is not necessary. Phospholipid bilayer…2 layers of molecules called phospholipids (fats with a phosphate group). Phosphate group is on outside/inside of cell, fats are between…within the membrane itself. Then there are large proteins/carbohydrates embedded (mosaic) in this that are free to move around (fluid). The proteins/carbohydrates mark the cell, and help the cell perform its functions and help move things into and out of the cell. 25. Which cell above is a plant cell and which is an animal cell? How can you tell (what unique characteristics does each have)? 26. What is the Cell Theory? 27. What is a prokaryotic cell (i.e. what special things does it have or not have?) Give at least 1 example of a prokaryotic cell. 28. What is a eukaryotic cell (i.e. what special things does it have or not have?) Give at least 1 example of a eukaryotic cell. 29. – 30. The cell membrane is called a “fluid mosaic.” Explain the structure of the cell membrane and how it is a fluid mosaic. Drawing a picture might help, but is not necessary. Phospholipid bilayer…2 layers of molecules called phospholipids (fats with a phosphate group). Phosphate group is on outside/inside of cell, fats are between…within the membrane itself. Then there are large proteins/carbohydrates embedded (mosaic) in this that are free to move around (fluid). The proteins/carbohydrates mark the cell, and help the cell perform its functions and help move things into and out of the cell.
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