Download HLSC 3623 Human Diseases

HLSC 4623 Human Diseases
Course Outline
I. History of Human Disease
A. 4 Theories of Disease Causation
1. Evil Spirits
a. Egypt
b. China
2. Contagion
a. Hippocrates
b. 4 humors
3. Germ
4. Multiple Causation
B. Public Health
1. Roman Civilization
2. Britain - 1850
a. John Snow
b. Lemuel Shattuck
3. Present Day
C. Disease Definitions
1. Functional/Organic
2. Sign/Symptom
3. Pathology/Etiology
4. Diagnosis/Prognosis
D. Disease Diagnosis
1.
a. Signs/symptoms
b. Specific/symptomatic Treatment
c. Invasive/non-invasive
d. Organic/functional
2. Diagnostic Procedures
a. Invasive
b. Non-invasive
II. Epidemiology
A. Definitions
1. Distribution
2. Determinants
3. Population
4. Epidemic
5. Endemic
6. Pandemic
7. Mortality
8. Morbidity
9. Surveillance
B. Types
1. Classical
2. Clinical
C. Models
1. Triad (infectious diseases)
a. Host
b. Agent
b. Environment
c. Vector-animate object that carries disease but isn’t
affected.
eg: mosquito, tic. Agent that transmits but doesn’t
get it.
d. Vehicle-inanimate object that carries disease; not living
e. Direct Transmission-transmission of disease from host to
host without using a vector or vehicle.
f. Indirect Transmission-transmission of disease with the
use of
a vector or vehicle.
2. Health Field Concept (chronic diseases)
a. Lifestyle (50%)
b. Environment (25%)
c. Biology/Heredity (15%)
d. Medical Care (10%)
3. Web of Causation (chronic diseases)
D. Levels of Prevention
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary
E. Aims/Strategies – not on test
F. Risk factors/ Protective factors
G. Limitations
H. Descriptive Epidemiology
1. Person
2. Place
3. Time
I. Analytic (Study Designs)
1. Definitions
a. Bias
b. Confounding
c. Chance
2. Types of Study Designs
a. Retrospective
b. Prospective
c. Cause Control
J. Measurement
1. Measures of Mortality
a. Crude Mortality Rate
b. Infant Mortality Rate
c. Case Fatality Rate
2. Measures of Morbidity
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
III. Immune System
A. Natural Nonspecific Immunity
1. External Barriers
2. Inflammatory Response
Leukocytes (WBC)
Neutrophils 50-70%
Lymphocytes 20-40%
Eosinophils 1-3%
Basophils
-1%
Monocytes 1-6%
3. Natural Specific
a. Humoral
b. Cell-mediated
B. Acquired Immunity
1. Active Natural
2. Active Artificial
3. Passive Natural
4. Passive Artificial
C. Immune Disorders
1. Hypersensitivity
a. Hay Fever (Allergic Rhinitis)
b. Uticaria/Angiodema
c. Asthma
2. Autoimmune Disorders
a. Rheumatoid Arthritis
b. Lupus
c. Immune-mediated Diabetes
D. Infectious Disease Agent
1. Prions
a. Creutzfeldt –Jakob
b. Kuru
2. Bacteria
a. Types
-Septicemia
-Nosocomial
b. Rickettsiae
c. Chlamydial
d. Mycoplasmas
3. Viruses
4. Fungi
5. Protozoa
6. Metazoa
IV. Chronic Diseases
A. Major Types
Disease
1. Cardiovascular
2. Cancer/Neoplasm
3. Stroke
4. COPD
5. Diabetes
6. Arthritis
7. Oral Diseases
Prevalence
59 million
8 million
4 million
30 million
15 million
43 million
B. Cardiovasular Disease
1. Definition
2. Types of CVD
a. Congenital
b. Valvular
c. Coronary (Ischemic)
11. Possible Causes
22. Consequences
33. Treatments
d. Hypertensive
e. Primary Myocardial
C. Stroke
1. Definition
Yearly Deaths
1 million
500,000
160,000
60,000
187,000
2. Classifications
a. Thrombis
b. Embolus
c. Hemorrhage
3. Causes
4. Treatment
D. Cancer
1. Definition
2. Causes
3. Tumor types
a. benign
b. malignant
4. How cancer spreads
a. infiltration
b. metastases
5. Cancer tissue types
a. carcinoma
b. sarcoma
c. melanoma
d. neuroblastoma
e. adenocarcinoma
f. hepatoma
g. leukemia
h. lymphoma
6. Grading and Staging of Cancer
7. Seven warning signs of cancer
8. Major cancer types-mortality
9. Major cancer types-morbidity
10. Cancer treatment
11. Disease Screening
E. Other Types