Download Mammals phylum-Chordata class-Mammalia

Mammals
phylum-Chordata
class-Mammalia
Dan Meyers
Bryce Wilson
Mammals live almost everywhere
>most live on land
>>forests
>>deserts
>>fields
>>urban areas
>some live in the sea
They are very versatile
>some can swim
>some can fly
DIET
>Mammals diets vary with time/seasons
>Diet preferences/nutritional requirements vary
DIFFERENT_DIETS
>Omnivore
>>Meat and Plants
>Herbivore
>>Plants only
>Carnivore
>>Meat only
DIET_ADAPTATIONS
>Herbivores can survive on few different plants
>Herbivores can digest what man cannot
SPECIALIZED_DIET
>Koalas eat only eucalyptus leaves
>3-toed sloth eats only the cecropia palmata (a mulberry like plant)
HIGH RATE
>They can digest 10x as much
food as reptiles of the same
size
SPECIALIZED TEETH
>stronger jaw
>canines for cutting
>molars for grinding
SPECIALIZED_STOMACHS
>Meat eaters
>>shorter digestion, shorter intestines
>Plant eaters
>>longer digestion, long intestines
ex.-cows have a four chambered stomach
DIGESTION_EXPLAINED
>Watch this video on digestion and nutrient exchange
LIVER
>Blood circulates through liver and is cleaned
KIDNEY
>Blood gets cleaned again by kidney
>maintains and restores important compounds
BLADDER
>Waste in form of urea moves to bladder
>Waste is excreted from the body
SKELETONS
>vertebrae
>>spine allows side to side/vertical movement
SHOULDER/PELVIC GIRDLES
>The shoulder/pelvic girdles are the systems of bones in the pelvic
and shoulder regions.
>complex shoulder and pelvis allows more movement
RESPIRATORY_SYSTEM
>Inhale
>>diaphragm and muscles in chest expand lungs
>Oxygen moves into blood through alveoli-CO2 leaves blood
CIRCULATORY_SYSTEM
>Oxygen rich blood circulates through body
>>oxygen moves into muscles
>CO2 leaves muscles and moves into blood
>>CO2 rich blood moves to lungs and leaves body
ADAPTATIONS
>Mammals have adapted better developed diaphragms and alveoli
SIMILARITIES_TO_OTHER_MAMMALS
>Medulla Oblongata
>>controls breathing, heart, and unconscious
>Cerebellum
>>controls movement
systems
DIFFERENCES_FROM_OTHER_ANIMALS
>Eyes
>>specialized for low light conditions
>>specialized for light and color
>Cerebral Cortex
>>well developed for complex actions/thoughts
GENERAL
>Sperm is dispersed in female reproductive tract
>An egg is fertilized
>>An embryo is created
MONOTREMES
>The cloaca is the reproductive organ
>>Similar to reptiles
>Eggs are laid
>>Young develop in eggs
>After born, they drink milk
>>In Monotremes, milk come from pores in the skin
MARSUPIALS
>Have very short gestation period
>>Virginia Opossum….......12.5 days
>>Marsupial Cat……..........8-12 days
>>Silver Gray Opossum….16 days
>Young are underdeveloped
>>They move into mother’s pouch
>>They continue to develop
>Young drink milk from mother
PLACENTAL_MAMMALS
>Most common
>The embryo attaches to the wall of the uterus
>Young are born fairly developed
>After birth, they receive milk from the mother
Bats control mosquito population
Shamu has been a great source of income
Domestic animals
>Pets
>Food source
SIZE
>Blue whale(biggest animal)
>African elephant(biggest land animal).
SPECIALIZED SKILLS
>fly
>swim
>walk
HAIR
>they have external hair
THEY HAVE A HIGH METABOLIC RATE
THEY HAVE A LAYER OF FAT BETWEEN THEIR
SKIN AND MUSCLE
THEY HAVE A MORE COMPLEX JAW
>allows for specialized teeth
>>canines for carnivores
>>molars for herbivores
HEARING
>three bones in inner ear-better hearing
YOUNG
>give birth to live young
>nurse their young