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Integrated Science
Review Items
Dr. May
Velocity
Velocity is in meters/second
v = d/t
Distance is in meters
d = vt
Time is in seconds
t = d/v
Acceleration
Acceleration is in meters/second2
a = v/t
Velocity is in meters/second
v = at
Time is in seconds
t = v/a
Force
Force is in kg meters/sec2 or Newtons
F = ma
Acceleration is in meters/second2
a = F/m
Mass is in kilograms (kg)
m = F/a
Gravity
Distance is in meters
d = ½ gt2
The acceleration of gravity (g) is
9.8 meters/second2
Time is in seconds
____
t = √2d/g
Momentum
Momentum (p) is in kg meters/second
p = mv
Mass is in kilograms
m = p/v
Velocity is in meters/second
v = p/m
Electric Current
Potential difference is in volts
V = IR
Current (I) is in amperes
I =V/R
Resistance is in ohms ()
R = V/I
Power
Power is in watts
P = IV
Current (I) is amperes
I = P/V
Potential difference is in volts
V = P/I
Electrical Energy
Electrical energy is in kilowatt hours (kWh)
E = Pt
Power is in kilowatts
P = E/t
Time is in hours
T = E/P
Density of Liquids
Density is in grams/milliliter
D = m/V
Volume is in milliliters (ml)
V = m/D
Mass is in grams
m = DV
Density of Solids
Density is in grams/cubic centimeter
D = m/V
Volume is in cubic centimeters (cm3)
V = m/D
Mass is in grams
m = DV
Light Years

The speed of light is 3.0 x 108 m/s

A light year is a unit of distance

A light year is 9.5 x 1015 meters

It would take 10 million years to drive one light
year at 60 mph
Light Years Away

The closest star is 4.3 light years away

The next closest galaxy (Andromeda) is 2
million light years away

Giant elliptical galaxies may be 200,000
light years in diameter
Dying Stars

Small stars become red giants

A white dwarf is the remaining dim core of
a dying star

The sun will last another 5 x 109 years and
will become a red giant
Supernovas

A supernova is an exploding large star

Large supernovas form black holes

The remaining core of a supernova is a
dense neutron star
The Sun

The sun is a small star
 Light travels from the sun to earth in 8 min.
 The sun’s size is 110 times that of earth
 The sun’s diameter is 1.4 x 106 kilometers
 The sun is 90% hydrogen and 9.9% helium