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AP Psychology/Rabadan Unit 5 Terms List/Sensation and Perception Terms: Psychophysics Sensation Perception Bottom-up processing Top-Down Processing Receptor cell Johannes Muller Law of Specific Nerve Energies Absolute threshold Sensory Adaptation Difference threshold (just noticeable difference – JND) Weber’s law Subliminal perception Priming Signal Detection Theory Transduction Electromagnetic Spectrum Cornea Pupil Iris Lens Retina Blind spot/Optic Disc Fovea Rods Cones Bipolar cells Ganglion cells Visual acuity Afterimage Optic nerve Optic chiasm Feature detectors Simple cells Complex cells Hypercomplex cells Thalamus Occipital lobe Visual cortex Parallel processing Hue Saturation Brightness Additive color mixing Subtractive color mixing Trichromatic theory (YoungHelmholtz) Trichromats Color blindness Dichromats Monochromats Opponent-process theory Ewald Hering Light and Dark adaptation Stomatopods Hyperspectral vision Sound Sound waves Frequency Hertz (Hz) Pitch Amplitude Decibel Overtones Timbre Pinna Auditory Canal Tympanic Membrane Ossicles Hammer (malleus) Anvil (Incus) Stirrup (Stapes) Oval window Cochlea Organ of Corti Basilar membrane Hair cells/Cilia Temporal lobe Auditory cortex Place theory Frequency theory Volley principle Interaural Time Difference (ITD) Binaural cues Conduction hearing loss Sensorineural hearing loss Cochlear implants Odorant Binding Protein (OBP) Anosmia Olfactory epithelium Olfactory bulb Pheromones Vomeronasal organ (VNO) Taste buds Five tastes (“USS BS”) Papillae Kinesthetic senses Stretch receptors Golgi tendon organs Vestibular senses Semicircular canals Vestibular sacs Homunculus Tactile Sensations Paradoxical heat Gate control theory Biopsychosocial theory Placebo effect Gestalt Figure-Ground Grouping Proximity Similarity Continuity Connectedness Closure Monocular cues Relative height Relative size Interposition Linear perspective Relative motion Light and shadow Binocular cues Stereoscopic vision Retinal disparity Convergence Monaural cue Binaural cue Autokinetic illusion Stoboscopic motion Phi phenomenon Perceptual illusion Perceptual constancy Size constancy Shape constancy Color constancy Lightness constancy Perceptual adaptation Perceptual set Human factors psychology ESP Parapsychology Relepathy Clairvoyance Precognition AP Psychology/Rabadan Unit 5 Terms List/Sensation and Perception Concepts: Know your diagrams of the eye and ear! How do we see and hear? Understand the featured of a SOUND WAVE (amplitude, frequency and their relationship to pitch and loudness) Why can we see stars in the sky better when we do not look directly at them? Why can we see color better when we look directly at the object (marker demo)? Why does smell trigger memories so strongly? How do our senses adapt? (afterimages, orange juice-toothpaste, sandpaper) Difference between sensation and perception?
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