Download Organic Chemistry

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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
MAT., PHYS., NAT. SCIENCES
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
PROF. CORRADO CARISTI
Address (indirizzo): DIP. CHIMICA ORGANICA E BIOLOGICA
Salita Sperone, 31 - 98166 Messina
Phone (telefono): 0039 090 676 5172; Fax:
0039 090 393895
E-Mail: [email protected]
40h (theorical) + 16h (practical)
6
none
1st Step: 5h (theorical) + 1h (practical).
STUCTURAL FEATURES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. ANALITICAL
METHODS AND SPECTRAL PROPERTIES.
CLASSIFICATION AND
NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. STEREOCHEMISTRY
Electronic configuration. Atomic orbitals. Molecular orbitals. Hybrid orbitals. Covalent
bond.  and  bonds. Single and multiple bonds. Hydrogen bond. Bond angles and
bond distances. Bond energies. Delocalized bonds. Resonance structures. Resonance
energie. Elementar quali-quantitative analysis of an organic compound. Minimum
formula. Molecular formula. Isomerism. UV, IR, NMR and mass spectrometry outline.
Classification and functional groups. IUPAC and current nomenclature. Geometric
isomerism in unsaturated and cyclic systems. Cis-trans and E/Z configurations. Optical
activity.
Enantiomers.
Racemic mixtures.
Relative D-L and absolute R-S
configurations. Chan-Ingold-Prelog System.
2nd Step: 5h (theorical) + 2h (practical).
ALKANES, CYCLOALKANES, ALKENES, ALKYNES, ALKADIENES
Alkanes: nomenclature, natural sources, radical reactions, halogenation, conformational
analysis.
Cycloalkanes: nomenclature, conformational analysis.
Alkenes: nomenclature, preparation methods (elimination reactions), electropilic addition,
carbocations and electropilic addition features.
Alkynes: nomenclature, preparation, addiction reactions, 1-alkynes reactivity.
Alkadienes: nomenclature and classification, conjucated dienes.
3rd Step: 6h (theorical) + 2h (practical).
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. ETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. ALCKYL
AND AROMATIC HALOPRODUCTS
Aromatic hydrocarbons: nomenclature, aromaticity, Hückel’s rules, benzene structrure
and stability, nitration, sulfonation, halogenation, alkylation and acylation, substituent
effect: reactiviy and orientation, inductive and mesomeric effects, aromatic polynuclear
hydrocarbons.
Eterocyclic systems with one eteroatom (furan, pyrrole, thiophene, pyridine).
Alkyl and aromatic haloproducts: nomenclature, preparation methods, polyhalogen
compounds, aliphatic nucleophilic substitution reaction.
4th Step: 6h (theorical) + 3h (practical).
AMINES, ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS, ETHERS, ORGANIC SULFURIC
COMPOUNDS
Amines: basicity, preparations, aromatic primary amines reactions with nitrous acid
(aryldiazonium salts).
Alcohols: nomenclature, basicity, acidity, ethers, esters, alkkyl halides formation,
dehydration, oxidation, preparation methods, synthesis via Grignard reagents,
polyhydroxylated alcohols.
Phenols: preparations, acidity, polyhydroxylated phenols.
Ethers: preparation methods (alkylation of alcohols, dehydration), hydrolysis, main cyclic
ethers.
Organic sulphuric compounds: thiols, sulfides, arylsulfonic acids.
5th Step: 6h (theorical) + 2h (practical).
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
Nomenclature, preparation methods, additon to the carbonil group tipical reactions,
condensation of carbonil compounds with R-NH2 compounds (imines, oximes,
Structure of the assessment
Bibliography
Further information
hydrazones), carbonil compounds reductions and oxidation, aldol condensation.
6th Step: 6h (theorical) + 3h (practical).
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATES
Nomenclature, preparation and functional derivates of carboxylic acids (esters, alkyl
halides, anhydrides, amides), triglycerides and soaps, dicarboxylic acids, carbonic acid
derivates (urea), oxyacids (citric acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid), ketoacids, nitriles:
preparation and reactions.
7th Step: 6h (theorical) + 3h (practical).
CARBOHYDRATES. AMINOACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS
Carbohydrates: structure and classification, monosaccharides structure, stereochemistry,
D-(+)-glucose, Fischer projection, Haworth formulas, mutarotation, oxazones formation,
major disaccharides structures (maltose, lactose and saccharose). Aminoacids, peptides
and proteins: structure, acid-base properties, zwitterions, isoelectric point, configuration,
-aminoacids synthesys, peptidic bond, outline of primary, secondary and tertiary
structure of proteins.
Oral 
W. Brown Introduzione alla chimica organica