Download Lab 12: Vertebral Column, Rib Cage, Muscles of the Back and

Fig. 6.17
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First cervical vertebra (atlas)
Second cervical vertebra (axis)
Cervical
region
(curved
anteriorly)
Seventh cervical vertebra
First thoracic vertebra
Thoracic
region
(curved
posteriorly)
Body
Intervertebral disk
Twelfth thoracic vertebra
First lumbar vertebra
Lumbar
region
(curved
anteriorly)
Intervertebral foramina
Transverse process
Spinous process
Fifth lumbar vertebra
Sacral promontory
Sacrum
Sacral and
coccygeal
regions
(curved
posteriorly)
Coccyx
Lateral view
Fig. 6.18
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Posterior
Articular facet
Spinous process
Superior
articular process
Lamina
Transverse
process
Vertebral
arch
Pedicle
Vertebral
foramen
Body
Anterior
Superior view
Fig. 6.19
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Posterior arch
Transverse
process
Vertebral foramen
Superior articular
facet (articulates with
occipital condyle)
Facet for dens
Transverse
foramen
(a)
Anterior arch
Spinous process
Lamina
Superior
articular facet
Facets for rib
attachment
Pedicle
Atlas (first cervical vertebra), superior view
Dens
Vertebral foramen
Transverse
process
Body
(d)
Thoracic vertebra, superior view
Spinous process
Lamina
Body
Dens
(articulates
with atlas)
(b)
Axis (second cervical vertebra),
superior view
Transverse
process
Superior
articular facet
Pedicle
Vertebral foramen
Lateral view
Body
Spinous process
Lamina
Pedicle
Transverse
foramen
Transverse
process
(c)
Vertebral foramen
Body
Cervical vertebra, superior view
Superior
articular facet
(e)
Lumbar vertebra, superior view
Fig. 6.20
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Articular facet
(articulates
with fifth
lumbar
vertebra)
Vertebral
canal (sacral
canal)
Sacral
promontory
Anterior
sacral
foramina
Median sacral
crest
Posterior
sacral
foramina
Sacral hiatus
Coccyx
Anterior view
Coccyx
Posterior view
Fig. 6.21
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Seventh cervical vertebra
Clavicle
First thoracic vertebra
Jugular notch
1
2
Sternal
angle
3
True ribs
(1–7)
4
Costal
cartilage
Manubrium
5
Body
6
Xiphoid process
7
8
False ribs
(8–12)
9
Floating ribs
11
12
T12
L1
10
Anterior view
Sternum
Fig. 6.24
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Spinous process of
seventh cervical vertebra
Distal end of clavicle
Jugular notch
Acromion
process
Superior border
of scapula
Spine of scapula
Clavicle
Sternum
Scapula
Medial border
of scapula
Inferior angle
of scapula
Lumbar spinous
processes
(a)
(b)
(a): © McGraw-Hill Companies/Andy Resek, Photographer;
(b): © McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Inc./Eric Wise, photographer
Fig. 7.18
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Deep neck muscles
Longissimus
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
Deep back muscles
Longissimus
Iliocostalis
Posterior view
Erector
spinae
muscles
Fig. 7.20
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Rectus
abdominis
(covered by
sheath)
Rectus
abdominis
(sheath
removed)
Rectus
abdominis
Linea
alba
External
abdominal
oblique
Internal
abdominal
oblique
Transversus
abdominis
Tendinous
intersection
Umbilicus
External
abdominal
oblique
(a)
Linea
alba
Anterior view
(b)
Cross section
Skin
Fat
External
abdominal
oblique
Internal
abdominal
oblique
Transversus
abdominis
Parietal
peritoneum
Fig. 8.15
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C1
Level of foramen magnum
Rootlets of
spinal nerves
Spinal nerves
T1
Spinal cord
L1
Level of the
second lumbar
vertebra
Coccygeal
nerve
Cauda equina
S1
Fig. 8.20
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Cervical
nerves
C1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
T1
2
3
Cervical
plexus
(C1–4)
Brachial
plexus
(C5–T1)
4
5
Thoracic
nerves
6
7
8
Dura mater
9
10
11
12
Cauda equina
L1
Lumbar
nerves
Lumbar
plexus
(L1–4)
2
3
4
5
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
Sacral
nerves
Coccygeal
nerves
Co
Posterior view
Sacral
plexus
(L4–S4)
Coccygeal
plexus
(S5–Co)
Lumbosacral
plexus
(L1–S4)