Download International Law and the Emerging Concept of Global Commons

International Trade on a Warming
Globe
Olga Nartova, Sofya Matteotti
World Trade Institute
NCCR Trade Regulation
Individual Project on Energy in WTO Law and Policy
NCCR Trade Regulation: IP6 on energy in
WTO law and policy
• What we currently do (Phase 1):
– Trade and energy issues:
• Subsidies, Energy Services, OPEC, Government Procurement
– Trade and climate change:
• WTO-Kyoto inter-linkages, EU ETS
– Joint project with the NCCR Climate on BTA
• Future Plans (Phase 2):
– Climate change mitigation and adaptation policies from
the WTO prospective, Agriculture, Water
– Interdisciplinary approach (law, econ, political science)
What Role for the General Agreement
on Trade in Services (GATS)?
• Energy and Environmental Services
• Address/ clarify positions on classification
issues
• Come along with the liberalization of
goods
What is EGS?
• Conceptual definition
• End-of-pipe vs EPPS
• Clean vs Cleaner
Classification
GATS
Sewage
Refuse/
Disposal
Sanition
Other
EU
Water/Waste water
OECD
Waste Management
Air/Climate Prot
Pollution
Management Remediation/ Clean
up
Cleaner
Technologies Noise/ Vibration
Biodeversity
Resource
Management Other
A Way Forward
• identification of a list of key goods &
services and technologies
• tackling barriers to trade specific goods
and services related to air pollution and
climate
• enhancing energy efficiency
Participation of the OPEC
countries in Global Dialog
• Article 4.8 of the UNFCCC:
“In the implementation of the commitments in this Article, the Parties shall give
full consideration to what actions are necessary under the convention including
actions related to funding, insurance and the transfer of technology, to adverse
effects of climate change and/or the impact of the implementation of responses
measures, especially on:…. (h) Countries whose economies are highly
dependent on income generated from the production, processing and export,
and/or consumption of fossil fuels and associated energy intensive products;”
• Article 2.3 and 3.14 of the Kyoto Protocol:
“The Parties included in Annex I shall strive to implement policies and measures
under this Article in such a way as to minimize adverse effects, including the
adverse effects of climate change, effects on international trade, and social,
environmental and economic impacts on other Parties, especially developing
country Parties and in particular those identified in Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9,
of the Convention…”
Main Concerns in the CC
Debates
•
•
•
•
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Leading role of petroleum;
Technology transfer;
Minimization of adverse impacts;
Economic diversification;
Way forward for OPEC.
Thank you for your attention!