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Ancient Near East Part 2 Akkad - Persia MESOPOTAMIA: SUMMARY PERIOD OUTLINE • Sumer • Akkad ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES 3000-2334 BCE 2340-2193 BCE Akkad 2340-2193 BCE NEO- SUMERIAN REVIVAL •The rule of the Akkadian kings ends when a mountain people, the Guti, gained control of the Mesopotamian Plain in about 2230 BCE • The cities of Sumer rise up in retaliation and drive them out in 2112 BCE, under the leadership of King Urnammu of Ur who unites a realm that lasts100 years. •As part of his renewal project, he returns to building on a magnificent scale. Great Ziggurat at Ur, c.2100—2050 BCE dedicated to the moon god, Nanna ( Sin in Akkadian) (present-day Muqaiyir, Iraq) Meanwhile, in Lagash, another Sumerian citystate that held on to independence after the collapse of Akkad, Gudea became the ruler. Title: Votive Statue of Gudea Medium: Diorite Size: height 29" (73.7 cm) Date: c. 2090 BCE • • • • ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES Sumer 3000-2334 BCE Akkadian 2340-2193 BCE Neo-Sumerian 2125-2004 BCE Old Babylonian 2025-1594 BCE • Hammurabi, 1792-1750 • • • • • • ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES Sumer 3000-2334 BCE Akkad 2340-2193 BCE Neo-Sumerian 2125-2004 BCE Old Babylonian 2025-1594 BCE Old Assyrian 1600-1100 BCE Hittite 1600-1200 BCE MESOPOTAMIA: SUMMARY PERIOD OUTLINE ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer • Akkadian • Neo-Sumerian • Old Babylonian • Old Assyrian • Hittite • Neo-Assyrian/ Babylonian • Persia 3000-2334 BCE 2340-2193 BCE 2125-2004 BCE 2025-1594 BCE 1600-1100 BCE 1600-1200 BCE 1000-539 BCE 559-334 BCE ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer 3000-2334 BCE • Akkadian 2340-2193 BCE • Neo-Sumerian 2125-2004 BCE • Old Babylonian 2025-1594 BCE • Old Assyrian 1600-1100 BCE • Hittite 1600-1200 BCE • Neo-Assyrian/ 1000-539 BCE Babylonian Assyria, c.1600-1100 BCE Pair of Lamassu figures flanking a gateway (restored), from the Palace of Sargon II at Khorsabad (DurSharrukin), c. 883-859 BCE ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer 3000-2334 BCE • Akkadian 2340-2193 BCE • Neo-Sumerian 2125-2004 BCE • Old Babylonian 2025-1594 BCE • Old Assyrian 1600-1100 BCE • Hittite 1600-1200 BCE • Neo-Assyrian/ 1000-539 BCE Babylonian (Nebuchadnezzar II) ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer 3000-2334 BCE • Akkadian 2340-2193 BCE • Neo-Sumerian 2125-2004 BCE • Old Babylonian 2025-1594 BCE • Old Assyrian 1600-1100 BCE • Hittite 1600-1200 BCE • Neo-Assyrian/ 1000-539 BCE Babylonian • Persia 559-334 BCE Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute Detail of a relief from the stairway leading to the Apadana (ceremonial complex), Persepolis, Iran Daric Medium: Gold Size: Diameter approximately 1/2“ Date: 4th century BCE A coin first minted under Darius I of Persia First minted under Croesus, king of Lydia, c. 560-546 BCE
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