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List of Nouns Using a list of nouns when children are beginning to read is helpful in making teaching easier. Nouns are one of the first parts of speech that children learn when they begin to read. Use the following list of nouns for each age group to help your child learn about the ideas things, people and places that surround them. Kinds of Nouns in the English Language Nouns have different types or classes. There are proper and common nouns, noncount and count nounts, collective nouns, and concrete and abstract nouns. Even though there are different kinds of nouns, a noun can fall into more than one class. An example of this would be: Kathleen dated three different Davids in college. Davids in that sentence would fall into the classes of proper, count and concrete. To further explain the kinds of nouns, you can use this guide and remember that the lists of nouns below contain all of these types : KINDS OF NOUNS Proper Nouns and Common Nouns Proper nouns are nouns that represent a unique entity (like a specific person or a specific place). Common nouns which describe an entire group of entities (examples would be the nouns village or women). Proper nouns as a general rule are capitalized in the English language. Common nouns as a general rule are not capitalized. Sometimes the same word can function as both a common noun and a proper noun, where one such entity is special. For example the common noun god refers to all deities, while the proper noun God specifically refers to the monotheistic God. Countable and Uncountable or Noncount Nouns Countable nouns are common nouns that can become a plural. They can combine with exact numbers (even one, as a singular) or indefinite numbers (like "a" or "an"). Uncountable (or noncount) nouns are different from by the simple fact that they can't become plural or combine with number words. Examples from English include "indigestion" and "furniture". Collective Nouns Collective nouns name groups consisting of more than one individual or entity. The group is a single unit, but it has more than one member. Examples include "family", "committee", "corporation","faculty", "army", and "school". Concrete Nouns and Abstract Nouns Concrete nouns refer to their ability to register on your five senses. If you can see, hear, smell, taste, or feel the item, it's a concrete noun. Abstract nouns on the other hand refer to abstract objects such as ideas or concepts, like the nouns "politeness" or "hatefulness". Possessive Nouns A possessive noun is a noun that names who or what has something. The possessive form is used with nouns referring to people, groups of people, countries, and animals. It also refers to where someone works or plays or spends their time. Add an apostrophe and s ('s) to form the possessive of most singular nouns (ex. Bob's jacket, the cat's tail, Steven King's books). Add an apostrophe (') to form the possessive of plural nouns that end with s (ex. retailers' stores, soldiers' weapons, Americans' banks). Add an apostrophe and s ('s) to form the possessive of plural nouns that do not end with s (ex. geese's nest, children's toys, women's dresses). Common Nouns by Grade Level Kindergarten 1st Grade 2nd Grade 3rd Grade 4th Grade 5th Grade ball bat bed book boy bun can cake cap car cat cow cub cup dad day dog doll dust fan feet girl apple arm banana bike bird book chin clam class clover club corn crayon crow crown crowd crib desk dime dirt dress fang alarm animal aunt bait balloon bath bead beam bean bedroom boot bread brick brother camp chicken children crook deer dock doctor downtown actor airplane airport army baseball beef birthday boy brush bushes butter cast cave cent cherries cherry cobweb coil cracker dinner eggnog elbow advice anger answer apple arithmetic badge basket basketball battle beast beetle beggar brain branch bubble bucket cactus cannon cattle celery cellar cloth able achieve acoustics action activity aftermath afternoon afterthought apparel appliance beginner believe bomb border boundary breakfast cabbage cable calculator calendar caption carpenter gun hall hat hen jar kite man map men mom pan pet pie pig pot rat son sun toe tub van field flag flower fog game heat hill home horn hose joke juice kite lake maid mask mice milk mint meal meat moon mother morning name nest nose pear pen pencil plant rain river road rock room rose seed shape shoe shop show sink snail snake snow soda sofa star step stew stove straw string drum dust eye family father fight flesh food frog goose grade grandfather grandmother grape grass hook horse jail jam kiss kitten light loaf lock lunch lunchroom meal mother notebook owl pail parent park plot rabbit rake robin sack sail scale sea sister soap song spark space spoon spot spy summer tiger toad town trail face fireman flavor gate glove glue goldfish goose grain hair haircut hobbies holiday hot jellyfish ladybug mailbox number oatmeal pail pancake pear pest popcorn queen quicksand quiet quilt rainstorm scarecrow scarf stream street sugar throne toothpaste twig volleyball wood wrench coach coast crate cream daughter donkey drug earthquake feast fifth finger flock frame furniture geese ghost giraffe governor honey hope hydrant icicle income island jeans judge lace lamp lettuce marble month north ocean patch plane playground poison riddle rifle scale seashore sheet sidewalk skate slave sleet smoke stage station thrill throat throne title toothbrush cemetery channel circle creator creature education faucet feather friction fruit fuel galley guide guitar health heart idea kitten laborer language lawyer linen locket lumber magic minister mitten money mountain music partner passenger pickle picture plantation plastic pleasure pocket police pollution railway recess reward route scene scent squirrel stranger suit sweater temper territory texture thread summer swing table tank team tent test toes tree vest water wing winter woman women tramp tray trick trip uncle vase winter water week wheel wish wool yard zebra turkey underwear vacation vegetable visitor voyage year treatment veil vein volcano wealth weather wilderness wren wrist writer List of Common Nouns for Various Ages A B C D E account achiever acoustics act action activity actor addition adjustment advertisement advice aftermath afternoon afterthought agreement air airplane airport alarm amount amusement anger angle animal answer ant ants apparatus apparel babies baby back badge bag bait balance ball balloon balls banana band base baseball basin basket basketball bat bath battle bead beam bean bear bears beast bed bedroom beds cabbage cable cactus cake cakes calculator calendar camera camp can cannon canvas cap caption car card care carpenter carriage cars cart cast cat cats cattle cause cave celery cellar dad daughter day death debt decision deer degree design desire desk destruction detail development digestion dime dinner dinosaurs direction dirt discovery discussion disease disgust distance distribution division dock doctor ear earth earthquake edge education effect egg eggnog eggs elbow end engine error event example exchange existence expansion experience expert eye eyes apple apples appliance approval arch argument arithmetic arm army art attack attempt attention attraction aunt authority bee beef beetle beggar beginner behavior belief believe bell bells berry bike bikes bird birds birth birthday bit bite blade blood blow board boat boats body bomb bone book books boot border bottle boundary box boy boys brain brake branch brass bread breakfast breath brick bridge brother brothers brush bubble bucket building bulb bun cemetery cent chain chair chairs chalk chance change channel cheese cherries cherry chess chicken chickens children chin church circle clam class clock clocks cloth cloud clouds clover club coach coal coast coat cobweb coil collar color comb comfort committee company comparison competition condition connection control cook copper copy cord cork corn cough country cover dog dogs doll dolls donkey door downtown drain drawer dress drink driving drop drug drum duck ducks dust burn burst bushes business butter button cow cows crack cracker crate crayon cream creator creature credit crib crime crook crow crowd crown crush cry cub cup current curtain curve cushion F G H I J face fact fairies fall family fan fang farm farmer father father faucet fear feast feather feeling feet fiction field fifth fight finger finger fire fireman fish flag flame alley game garden gate geese ghost giants giraffe girl girls glass glove glue goat gold goldfish good-bye goose government governor grade grain grandfather grandmother grape grass grip ground hair haircut hall hammer hand hands harbor harmony hat hate head health hearing heart heat help hen hill history hobbies hole holiday home honey hook hope horn horse ice icicle idea impulse income increase industry ink insect instrument insurance interest invention iron island jail jam jar jeans jelly jellyfish jewel join joke journey judge juice jump flavor flesh flight flock floor flower flowers fly fog fold food foot force fork form fowl frame friction friend friends frog frogs front fruit fuel furniture group growth guide guitar gun horses hose hospital hot hour house houses humor hydrant K L M N O kettle key kick kiss kite kitten kittens kitty knee knife knot knowledge laborer lace ladybug lake lamp land language laugh lawyer lead leaf learning leather leg legs letter letters lettuce level library lift light limit line linen lip machine magic maid mailbox man manager map marble mark market mask mass match meal measure meat meeting memory men metal mice middle milk mind mine minister nail name nation neck need needle nerve nest net news night noise north nose note notebook number nut oatmeal observation ocean offer office oil operation opinion orange oranges order organization ornament oven owl owner liquid list lizards loaf lock locket look loss love low lumber lunch lunchroom mint minute mist mitten mom money monkey month moon morning mother motion mountain mouth move muscle music P Q R S T page pail pain paint pan pancake paper parcel parent park part partner party passenger paste patch payment peace pear pen pencil person pest pet pets pickle picture pie pies pig pigs pin pipe pizzas quarter quartz queen question quicksand quiet quill quilt quince quiver rabbit rabbits rail railway rain rainstorm rake range rat rate ray reaction reading reason receipt recess record regret relation religion representative request respect rest reward rhythm rice riddle rifle ring rings river road robin sack sail salt sand scale scarecrow scarf scene scent school science scissors screw sea seashore seat secretary seed selection self sense servant shade shake shame shape sheep sheet shelf ship shirt shock shoe shoes table tail talk tank taste tax teaching team teeth temper tendency tent territory test texture theory thing things thought thread thrill throat throne thumb thunder ticket tiger time tin title toad toe toes tomatoes place plane planes plant plantation plants plastic plate play playground pleasure plot plough pocket point poison police polish pollution popcorn porter position pot potato powder power price print prison process produce profit property prose protest pull pump punishment purpose push rock rod roll roof room root rose route rub rule run shop show side sidewalk sign silk silver sink sister sisters size skate skin skirt sky slave sleep sleet slip slope smash smell smile smoke snail snails snake snakes sneeze snow soap society sock soda sofa son song songs sort sound soup space spade spark spiders sponge spoon spot spring spy square squirrel stage stamp star tongue tooth toothbrush toothpaste top touch town toy toys trade trail train trains tramp transport tray treatment tree trees trick trip trouble trousers truck trucks tub turkey turn twig twist start statement station steam steel stem step stew stick sticks stitch stocking stomach stone stop store story stove stranger straw stream street stretch string structure substance sugar suggestion suit summer sun support surprise sweater swim swing system U V W Y Z umbrella uncle underwear unit use vacation value van vase vegetable veil vein verse vessel vest view visitor walk wall war wash waste watch water wave waves wax way wealth yak yam yard yarn year yoke zebra zephyr zinc zipper zoo voice volcano volleyball voyage weather week weight wheel whip whistle wilderness wind window wine wing winter wire wish woman women wood wool word work worm wound wren wrench wrist writer writing The Seven Kinds of Nouns Justin Higgins Justin Higgins has traveled throughout South America. He writes articles that appear on various websites with a focus on travel and science-related topics. Higgins is a graduate from Ithaca College with a Bachelor of Arts in cultural anthropology. 1. There are seven types of nouns in the English language. dictionary image by Ben Higham from Fotolia.com A noun is defined as the name of a person, place or thing. For this process of naming, we must make use of many different noun types in order to abide by the rules of English grammar. There are seven different types of nouns in the English language that we use to convey the meaning of a name. 2. Common Nouns o Common nouns refer to a general class of person, place or thing. For example: boy, forest and rock--these words refer to a category of noun, rather than to the special title of a specific noun. Proper Nouns o Proper nouns are names that refer specifically to the identity of certain special nouns. Proper nouns include the names of people (Jonathan), geographical names (Australia), brand names (Kleenex), institutional names (Bank of America) as well as titles of film, literature and artwork (Deer Hunter). Proper nouns are always capitalized. Collective Nouns o A collective noun refers to a group or collection of nouns with one word. Consider for example the first word in each of the following phrases: flock of geese, pack of cigarettes, crowd of people, and bundle of sticks. Abstract Nouns o Abstract nouns refer to concepts that we objectify in thought and speech but have no material form. Examples of abstract nouns include hope, desire, fear and anguish. These nouns are unique, for we may treat them as objects in a sentence, yet they do not exist as objects in the physical realm, as do other nouns. Compound Nouns o Compound nouns are nouns that consist of two or more words combined. Some compound nouns are hyphenated (jack-in-the-box); others consist of separate words (board of trustees); and some compound nouns are two or more words combined without a hyphen (manslaughter). Count Nouns o Count nouns are nouns that may be counted in numbers; for example, two eggs, three trucks, four birds. To express plurality, we may add an "s" to the end of the word; in some cases we must add "es": bushes, rushes, brushes. Mass Nouns o Mass nouns, also called non-count nouns, are nouns that may not be counted, such as milk, water and sunlight. These nouns may be quantified by certain constants (jar of milk, rays of sunlight), but we may not number them in the standard plural fashion (three milks, two sunlights). The different types of nouns There are several different kinds of nouns. Common Nouns Below are some common errors related to nouns: NO CAPITAL LETTERS A common noun is the word used for a class of person, place or thing. Examples: Car Man Bridge Town Water Metal Ammonia Common nouns do not start with capital letters (unless they start a sentence or are part of a title). It is a common mistake to capitalize a common noun that is an important word in a sentence. The corporal disobeyed a direct Order. ("order" is a common noun - no capital letter) It is the largest Church in Birmingham. ("church" is a common noun - no capital letter) Proper Nouns This is covered more in the lesson Capital Letters - Common and Proper Nouns. A proper noun is the name of a person, place or thing (i.e., its own name). A proper noun always starts with a capital letter. ONLY CAPITALIZE THE PRINCIPAL WORDS Examples: Michael Africa Peking Dayton Peace Accord United Nations The Tower of London Uncle George ("Uncle" is written with a capital letter because it is part of his name.) My favourite auntie is Auntie Sally. (In this example, the first "auntie" is a common noun; whereas, the second "Auntie" is part of a proper noun.) The Red Lion Collective Nouns A collective noun is the word used for a group of people or things. When names contain words such as 'the', 'of', 'an' or 'in', these words are not usually given capital letters. I must visit the Tower of London. ("of" is not a principal word - no capital letter) Have you seen Day of the Jackal? ("of" and "the" are not principal words - no capital letters) This is called 'Title Case' and is covered more in Capital Letters - Title Case. SINGULAR OR PLURAL? Writers are sometimes unsure whether to treat a collective noun as singular or plural. In fact, a collective noun can be singular or plural depending on the sense of the sentence. That team is the worst in the league. ("team" treated as singular) The team are not communicating amongst themselves. ("team" treated as plural) When the group is considered as one unit, it is singular. When the individuals of the group are considered, it is plural. Examples: Choir Team Jury Shoal Cabinet (of ministers) Regiment This is covered in the lesson Collective Nouns - Singular or Plural?. FORMING THE PLURAL OF COMPOUND NOUNS To form the plural of a compound noun, pluralize the principal word in the compound. When there is no obvious principal word, add s (or es) to the end of the compound. Mothers-in-law (pluralize the principal word "mother") Paper-clips (pluralize the principal word "clip") A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun. Forget-me-nots (no principal word, so add s to the end) James is the first choice for the post. He has applied for it twice already. Words like 'spoonful', 'plateful' and 'cupful' are exceptions to ("He" is a pronoun. In this example, it replaces the this rule. They form their plurals by adding an s to the end, proper noun "James".) even though the principal words are spoon, plate and cup. ("It" is a pronoun. Here, it replaces the common noun "post".) This is covered more in the lesson Compound Nouns Some / Who / This Forming Plurals. (The term 'pronoun' covers lots of words, and all three words above are classified as pronouns. There is whole section dedicated to pronouns. Pronouns Verbal Nouns Verbal nouns are formed from verbs. They are a type of common noun. I love swimming. ("swimming" - the name of an activity; it is formed from the verb 'to swim'.) Lateral thinking is required to solve this problem. ("thinking" - the name of an activity; it is formed from the verb 'to think'.) Compound Nouns Compound nouns are nouns made up of two or more words. Some compound nouns are hyphenated. (This is covered in the lesson Hyphens in Compound Nouns.) Mother-in-law Board of members Court-martial Forget-me-not Manservant Paper-clip The different types of nouns There are several different kinds of nouns. Common Nouns A common noun is the word used for a class of person, place or thing. Below are some common errors related to nouns: NO CAPITAL LETTERS Examples: Car Man Bridge Town Water Metal Ammonia Proper Nouns A proper noun is the name of a person, place or thing (i.e., its own name). A proper noun always starts with a capital letter. Common nouns do not start with capital letters (unless they start a sentence or are part of a title). It is a common mistake to capitalize a common noun that is an important word in a sentence. The corporal disobeyed a direct Order. ("order" is a common noun - no capital letter) It is the largest Church in Birmingham. ("church" is a common noun - no capital letter) This is covered more in the lesson Capital Letters - Common and Proper Nouns. ONLY CAPITALIZE THE PRINCIPAL WORDS Examples: Michael Africa Peking Dayton Peace Accord United Nations The Tower of London Uncle George ("Uncle" is written with a capital letter because it is part of his name.) My favourite auntie is Auntie Sally. (In this example, the first "auntie" is a common noun; whereas, the second "Auntie" is part of a proper noun.) The Red Lion Collective Nouns A collective noun is the word used for a group of people or things. Examples: Choir Team Jury Shoal Cabinet (of ministers) Regiment When names contain words such as 'the', 'of', 'an' or 'in', these words are not usually given capital letters. I must visit the Tower of London. ("of" is not a principal word - no capital letter) Have you seen Day of the Jackal? ("of" and "the" are not principal words - no capital letters) This is called 'Title Case' and is covered more in Capital Letters - Title Case. SINGULAR OR PLURAL? Writers are sometimes unsure whether to treat a collective noun as singular or plural. In fact, a collective noun can be singular or plural depending on the sense of the sentence. That team is the worst in the league. ("team" treated as singular) The team are not communicating amongst themselves. ("team" treated as plural) When the group is considered as one unit, it is singular. When the individuals of the group are considered, it is plural. This is covered in the lesson Collective Nouns - Singular or Plural?. FORMING THE PLURAL OF COMPOUND NOUNS To form the plural of a compound noun, pluralize the principal word in the compound. When there is no obvious principal word, add s (or es) to the end of the compound. Mothers-in-law A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun. (pluralize the principal word "mother") Paper-clips James is the first choice for the post. He has applied for Pronouns it twice already. ("He" is a pronoun. In this example, it replaces the proper noun "James".) ("It" is a pronoun. Here, it replaces the common noun "post".) Some / Who / This (The term 'pronoun' covers lots of words, and all three words above are classified as pronouns. There is whole section dedicated to pronouns. Verbal Nouns (pluralize the principal word "clip") Forget-me-nots (no principal word, so add s to the end) Words like 'spoonful', 'plateful' and 'cupful' are exceptions to this rule. They form their plurals by adding an s to the end, even though the principal words are spoon, plate and cup. This is covered more in the lesson Compound Nouns Forming Plurals. Verbal nouns are formed from verbs. They are a type of common noun. I love swimming. ("swimming" - the name of an activity; it is formed from the verb 'to swim'.) Lateral thinking is required to solve this problem. ("thinking" - the name of an activity; it is formed from the verb 'to think'.) Compound Nouns Compound nouns are nouns made up of two or more words. Some compound nouns are hyphenated. (This is covered in the lesson Hyphens in Compound Nouns.) Mother-in-law Board of members Court-martial Forget-me-not Manservant Paper-clip The different types of nouns There are several different kinds of nouns. Common Nouns A common noun is the word used for a class of person, place or thing. Examples: Car Man Bridge Below are some common errors related to nouns: NO CAPITAL LETTERS Common nouns do not start with capital letters (unless they start a sentence or are part of a title). It is a common mistake to capitalize a common noun that is an important word in a sentence. Town Water Metal Ammonia Proper Nouns A proper noun is the name of a person, place or thing (i.e., its own name). A proper noun always starts with a capital letter. The corporal disobeyed a direct Order. ("order" is a common noun - no capital letter) It is the largest Church in Birmingham. ("church" is a common noun - no capital letter) This is covered more in the lesson Capital Letters - Common and Proper Nouns. ONLY CAPITALIZE THE PRINCIPAL WORDS Examples: Michael Africa Peking Dayton Peace Accord United Nations The Tower of London Uncle George ("Uncle" is written with a capital letter because it is part of his name.) My favourite auntie is Auntie Sally. (In this example, the first "auntie" is a common noun; whereas, the second "Auntie" is part of a proper noun.) The Red Lion Collective Nouns A collective noun is the word used for a group of people or things. Examples: Choir Team Jury Shoal Cabinet (of ministers) Regiment When names contain words such as 'the', 'of', 'an' or 'in', these words are not usually given capital letters. I must visit the Tower of London. ("of" is not a principal word - no capital letter) Have you seen Day of the Jackal? ("of" and "the" are not principal words - no capital letters) This is called 'Title Case' and is covered more in Capital Letters - Title Case. SINGULAR OR PLURAL? Writers are sometimes unsure whether to treat a collective noun as singular or plural. In fact, a collective noun can be singular or plural depending on the sense of the sentence. That team is the worst in the league. ("team" treated as singular) The team are not communicating amongst themselves. ("team" treated as plural) When the group is considered as one unit, it is singular. When the individuals of the group are considered, it is plural. This is covered in the lesson Collective Nouns - Singular or Plural?. FORMING THE PLURAL OF COMPOUND NOUNS To form the plural of a compound noun, pluralize the principal word in the compound. When there is no obvious Pronouns principal word, add s (or es) to the end of the compound. Mothers-in-law A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun. (pluralize the principal word "mother") Paper-clips James is the first choice for the post. He has applied for (pluralize the principal word "clip") it twice already. ("He" is a pronoun. In this example, it replaces the proper Forget-me-nots (no principal word, so add s to the end) noun "James".) ("It" is a pronoun. Here, it replaces the common noun Words like 'spoonful', 'plateful' and 'cupful' are exceptions to "post".) this rule. They form their plurals by adding an s to the end, Some / Who / This (The term 'pronoun' covers lots of words, and all three words above are classified as pronouns. There is whole section dedicated to pronouns. Verbal Nouns even though the principal words are spoon, plate and cup. This is covered more in the lesson Compound Nouns Forming Plurals. Verbal nouns are formed from verbs. They are a type of common noun. I love swimming. ("swimming" - the name of an activity; it is formed from the verb 'to swim'.) Lateral thinking is required to solve this problem. ("thinking" - the name of an activity; it is formed from the verb 'to think'.) Compound Nouns Compound nouns are nouns made up of two or more words. Some compound nouns are hyphenated. (This is covered in the lesson Hyphens in Compound Nouns.) Mother-in-law Board of members Court-martial Forget-me-not Manservant Paper-clip Types of Nouns There are several types of nouns used to make up a sentence in the English language. 1. Proper Nouns Proper nouns name specific persons, places or things. Jonathan is my friend. Fiji is a great place to visit in your holidays. The Universe is vast and majestic. If a proper noun names a specific thing, it is usually prefixed by the definite article "the". 2. Common Nouns Common nouns name any person, place or thing. A man and a woman were dragged from the raging river. The boys played in the park. Because a part on the bike was broken, Jonathan had to walk to the shop. Usually, common nouns are prefixed by the indefinite article "a". 3. Concrete Nouns Concrete nouns name things in their material forms. Rebekah helped her father mow the lawn. Rachel put the mower in the shed. The spanner fell on the garage floor. Concrete nouns are material things that are tangible. 4. Abstract Nouns Abstract Nouns name concepts, ideas or emotions. Love is kind and gentle. His courage saved the day. Forgiveness is part of the Christian life. If you cannot taste, touch, hear, smell or see something, it is an abstract noun. 5. Collective Nouns Collective Nouns name a group or a collection. A team of champions is not always a champion team. A number of suberbs make up the city. A flock of birds flow over head. 6. Compound Nouns Compound Nouns are made up of two or more words. The bathroom was vacant. The teacher wrote the exam notes on the blackboard. The robber was caught by the policeman.