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How are species on our planet connected? Layers of our Planet Geosphere: solid part of earth that consists of soil, rock and sediments. Atmosphere: mixture of gases surrounding earth. Hydrosphere: All water found on earth. Biosphere: All areas on the planet that life can exist. How does Energy flow in the Ecosystem? Food Chain ENERGY PYRAMID Food Web ENERGY CYCLE Producers: Make their own food (plants) Consumers: Consume or eat their food (animals) Herbivores: Eat only plants Carnivores: Eat only animals Omnivores: Eat both plants and animals Decomposers: Break down dead organisms, absorb their food (bacteria, fungi) Fill in the Food Web What are Biomes? A large region of the planet characterized by a specific climate and certain types of plants and animal communities. Carbon & Water Cycles How Ecosystems Change Ecological Succession: gradual change and replacement of species in a community. Primary Succession: occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed before. Secondary Succession: occurs where an ecosystem already existed (disrupted by humans, animals, storms)