Download 5.3 Organic Compounds

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

page
1
page
2
page
3
page
4
page
5
page
6
page
7
page
8
page
9
page
10
page
11
page
12
page
13
page
14
page
15
page
16
page
17
page
18
page
19
page
20
page
21
page
22
page
23
page
24
page
25
page
26
page
27
page
28
page
29
page
30
page
31
page
32
page
33
page
34
page
35
page
36
page
37
page
38
page
39
page
40
page
41
page
42
page
43
page
44
page
45
page
46
page
47
page
48
page
49
page
50
page
51
page
52
page
53
page
54
page
55
page
56
page
57
page
58
page
59
page
60
page
61
page
62
page
63
page
64
page
65
page
66
page
67
page
68
page
69
page
70
page
71
page
72
page
73
page
74
page
75
page
76
page
77
page
78
page
79
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript 
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
• The chemistry of CARBON containing compounds
• The majority of organic compounds include CARBON –
CARBON chains
• Most of the time HYDROGEN is present in organic
molecules
• Also, OXYGEN, NITROGEN and HALOGENS (FLUORINE,
CHLORINE, BROMINE, IODINE)
WHY IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IMPORTANT?
• Organic chemicals are all around us and in all living
things!
• Proteins,
WHY IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IMPORTANT?
• Organic chemicals are all around us and in all living
things!
• Proteins, fats,
WHY IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IMPORTANT?
• Organic chemicals are all around us and in all living
things!
• Proteins, fats, plastics,
WHY IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IMPORTANT?
• Organic chemicals are all around us and in all living
things!
• Proteins, fats, plastics, drugs,
WHY IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IMPORTANT?
• Organic chemicals are all around us and in all living
things!
• Proteins, fats, plastics, drugs, petroleum, benzene,
WHY IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IMPORTANT?
• Organic chemicals are all around us and in all living
things!
• Proteins, fats, plastics, drugs, petroleum, benzene, teflon,
WHY IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IMPORTANT?
• Organic chemicals are all around us and in all living
things!
• Proteins, fats, plastics, drugs, petroleum, benzene, teflon,
hormones….
SINGLE, DOUBLE, and TRIPLE BONDS FOR
CARBON
HOW MANY BONDS CAN A
CARBON ATOM HAVE?
SINGLE, DOUBLE, and TRIPLE BONDS FOR
CARBON
• A CARBON atom has always 4 bonds
• But depending on a compound, they can be SINGLE,
SINGLE, DOUBLE, and TRIPLE BONDS FOR
CARBON
• A CARBON atom has always 4 bonds
• But depending on a compound, they can be SINGLE,
DOUBLE
SINGLE, DOUBLE, and TRIPLE BONDS FOR
CARBON
• A CARBON atom has always 4 bonds
• But depending on a compound, they can be SINGLE,
DOUBLE or TRIPLE
Page 245
Think About It:
5 – 3A Sketching Organic Compounds
14

Organic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula MUST contain carbon
15

Organic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula MUST contain carbon
16

Organic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula MUST contain carbon
17

Organic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula MUST contain carbon
18

Organic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula MUST contain carbon
19

Organic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula MUST contain carbon
20

Organic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula MUST contain carbon
21

Inorganic Compounds:
◦ The molecular formula can
contain carbon but it is in a
form of carbonates, carbides,
and oxides
◦ No carbon at all
22


Page 98 – 99
Leave a question blank if we haven’t talked
about it yet..
23
◦ Contain ONLY CARBONS and HYDROGENS
24
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
SHORTHANDED
STRUCTURAL FORMULA
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
SHORTHANDED
STRUCTURAL FORMULA
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
SHORTHANDED
STRUCTURAL FORMULA
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
SHORTHANDED
STRUCTURAL FORMULA
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
SHORTHANDED
STRUCTURAL FORMULA
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
SHORTHANDED
STRUCTURAL FORMULA
NAMING OF HYDROCARBONS
• You just have to know the first ten HYDROCARBONS
• The naming is based on the number of carbons
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA = SHORTHAND
FORMULA
NAMING OF HYDROCARBONS
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
NAMING OF HYDROCARBONS
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
NAME
methane
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CONDENSED
FORMULA
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
butane
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
butane
C4H10
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
butane
C4H10
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
5
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
butane
C4H10
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
5
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
butane
C4H10
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
pentane
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
5
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
butane
C4H10
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
pentane
C5H12
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
5
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methane
CH4
CH4
ethane
C2H 6
CH3 – CH3
propane
C3H 8
CH3 – CH2 – CH3
butane
C4H10
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
pentane
C5H12
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
10
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
NAME
hexane
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CONDENSED
FORMULA
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
nonane
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
nonane
C9H20
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
nonane
C9H20
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 –
CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
10
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
nonane
C9H20
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 –
CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
10
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
nonane
C9H20
decane
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 –
CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
10
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
nonane
C9H20
decane
C10H22
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 –
CH2 – CH3
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING
OF HYDROCARBONS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN) ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
6
7
8
9
10
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
hexane
C6H14
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
heptane
C7H16
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
octane
C8H18
nonane
C9H20
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 –
CH2 – CH3
decane
C10H22
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 –
CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 3
READING CHECK
72

Organic Compound:
◦ That contains C, H, and O

Organic Compound:
◦ That contains C, H, and O
◦ Alcohols dissolves many compounds which water will not
74
75
NAMING OF ALCOHOLS
• The naming is the same as for alkanes
• Replace -e with -ol
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA = SHORTHAND
FORMULA
NAMING OF UNBRANCHED
NAMING OF
ALCOHOLS
(STRAIGHT
CHAIN)
ALKANES
NUMBER
OF
CARBONS
1
2
3
4
5
NAME
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
CONDENSED
FORMULA
methanol
CH4O
CH3OH
ethanol
C2H 6O
CH3 – CH2OH
propanol
C3H 8O
CH3 – CH2 – CH2OH
butanol
C4H10O
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2OH
pentanol
C5H12O
CH3 –CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2OH

Organic Compounds Worksheet

FOA 5-3C on page 249
78

Page 98 – 101
79
Related documents