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The Wvoodwind Section Classroom Resource The resorts Woodwind Section Where did the woodwind section come from? The woodwind section of the orchestra settled into its present form in the early classical period [dates?]. Before that, woodwind instruments came and went as they were required for individual pieces of music. It is generally agreed that the composer Beethoven was responsible for establishing the standard complement of wind instruments; pairs of flutes, oboes, clarinets and bassoons. He occasionally asked for additional instruments, such as the piccolo (the smaller, higher pitched version of the flute), when he required specific musical effects such as the storm in his sixth symphony. As composers began to use these extra instruments more often, they became settled parts of the orchestra. Repertoire that features the woodwind section Many composers have written pieces just for groups of woodwind players (called a wind ensemble). In Mozart’s time there were Harmonie bands, made up of two flutes, two clarinets, two horns and two bassoons, that played in military services, at the royal courts, and even for operas. Military bands eventually grew into Concert Bands made up of wind, brass and percussion instruments. Classical composers including Mozart, Beethoven, Dvorak, and Strauss composed masterpieces for wind ensembles which were based on the instrument arrangement of the orchestral woodwind section. Beethoven What is tonguing? Tonguing is a technique used by woodwind players to articulate or define different notes by using their tongue on the mouthpiece or reed. Tonguing refers to how the player starts a note; either with an emphasis (accent) or smoothly, and to how they release the note. If the music being played has a lot of very fast notes in quick succession then the player might use the double-tonguing or even triple-tonguing technique. Research task... $BOZPVOBNFUIFJOTUSVNFOUUIBUUIFUIJSENFNCFSPGUIFPCPFTFDUJPOQMBZT )FSFJTBDMVFJUJT neither English, nor a horn… $BOZPVOBNFUIFTNBMMFSWFSTJPOPGUIFƎVUF 8IBUEPZPVDBMMUIFMPXFSCJHHFSWFSTJPOPGUIFCBTTPPO NZSO Music for Schools - Rachel Hyde ©2011 nzso.co.nz/education