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Transcript 
10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Muscles Promoting Facial
Expressions
Frontalis
(Epicranius)
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
epicranial aponeurosis
raises eyebrows;
wrinkles forehead
(tendinous sheet)
INSERTION:
skin of eyebrows;
root of nose
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Occipitalis
Orbicularis oculi
(Epicranius)
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
occipital bone; temporal bone
pulls scalp posteriorly
frontal / maxillary bone;
ligaments around orbit
closes eye
INSERTION:
epicranial aponeurosis
INSERTION:
(tendinous sheet)
tissue of eyelid
(Posterior view)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Zygomaticus
Risorius
(major / minor)
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
zygomatic bone
raises corner of mouth upwards
fascia of masseter muscle
draws corner of lips laterally
(‘smiling’)
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
skin at corner of mouth
skin at corner of mouth
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
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10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Levator labii superioris
Depressor labii inferioris
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
zygomatic bone; orbit of eye
opens lips
body of mandible
draws lower lip inferiorly
(‘pout’)
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
skin of upper lip
skin of lower lip
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Depressor anguli oris
Orbicularis oris
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
body of mandible
draws corner of mouth downward
maxilla / mandible
closes lips; purses lips
(‘kissing / whistling’)
(‘frowning’)
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
skin at corner of mouth
skin / muscles at angle
of mouth
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Buccinator
Mentalis
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
mandible
wrinkles chin
maxilla / mandible
compress cheeks
(‘sucking’)
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
skin of chin
orbicularis oris muscle
(Anterior view)
(Lateral view)
2
10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Facial Expressions
Platysma
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
fascia of chest
tenses skin of neck;
depresses mandible
Muscles Promoting Mastication
& Tongue Movement
INSERTION:
lower margin of mandible;
skin at corner of mouth
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Mastication / Tongue Movement
Muscles Promoting Mastication / Tongue Movement
Masseter
Temporalis
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
zygomatic arch / bone
elevates mandible
temporal bone
elevates mandible
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
angle / ramus of mandible
coronoid process
(mandible)
(Lateral view)
(Lateral view)
Muscles Promoting Mastication / Tongue Movement
Muscles Promoting Mastication / Tongue Movement
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
pterygoid process (sphenoid bone);
maxilla
protrudes jaw; promotes
side-to-side chewing
greater wing / pterygoid process
protrudes jaw; promotes
side-to-side chewing
(sphenoid bone)
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
body of mandible
mandibular condyle
(mandible)
(Lateral view)
(Lateral view)
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10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Mastication / Tongue Movement
Muscles Promoting Mastication / Tongue Movement
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
ORIGIN:
posterior body of mandible
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
protracts tongue
body / greater horn of hyoid
depresses tongue
(‘sticking out’ tongue)
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
inferior aspect of tongue;
body of hyoid bone
inferolateral tongue
(Lateral view)
(Lateral view)
Muscles Promoting Mastication / Tongue Movement
Styloglossus
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
styloid process
retracts / elevates tongue
Muscles Promoting Head
Movement
(temporal bone)
INSERTION:
inferolateral tongue
(Lateral view)
Muscles Promoting Head Movement
Muscles Promoting Head Movement
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
medial portion of clavicle;
manubrium (sternum)
flexes / laterally rotates head
transverse processes of
vertebrae C2 – C6
flexes / laterally rotates neck;
elevates ribs
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
mastoid process (temporal bone);
temporal bone
anteriorlateral surface of
first two ribs
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
4
10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Head Movement
Splenius
Muscles Promoting
Swallowing / Speaking
(capitis/ cervicis)
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
spinous processes of
vertebrae C7 – T6
extends / laterally rotates head
INSERTION:
Transverse processes of
vertebrae C2 – C4; mastoid process
(temporal bone)
(Posterior view)
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Digastric
Stylohyoid
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
lower margin of mandible;
mastoid process (temporal bone)
elevates hyoid bone /
depresses mandible
styloid process
elevates / retracts
hyoid bone
(temporal bone)
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
hyoid bone
hyoid bone
(connective tissue loop)
(Lateral view)
(Lateral view)
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
medial inner surface
of mandible
elevates hyoid bone;
elevates floor of mouth
medial inner surface
of mandible
elevates hyoid bone;
pulls hyoid bone anteriorly
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
hyoid bone
hyoid bone
(Lateral view)
(Lateral view)
5
10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
manubrium (sternum);
medial end of clavicle
depresses hyoid bone
posterior surface of
manubrium (sternum)
depresses hyoid bone;
depresses larynx
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
lower margin of hyoid bone
thyroid cartilage of larynx
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Muscles Promoting Swallowing / Speaking
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
superior border of scapula
depresses / retracts
hyoid bone
thyroid cartilage of larynx
depresses hyoid bone;
elevates larynx
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
lower margin of hyoid bone
hyoid bone
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Trunk Extension
Muscles Promoting Trunk
Extension
Iliocostalis
(Erector spinae)
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
Iliac crest (os coxa);
ribs 3 – 12
extends / laterally flexes
vertebral column
INSERTION:
angles of ribs;
transverse processes
of vertebrae C4 – C6
(Posterior view)
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10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Trunk Extension
Muscles Promoting Trunk Extension
Longissimus
Spinalis
(Erector spinae)
(Erector spinae)
ORIGIN:
transverse processes
of vertebrae C1 – L5
ACTION:
extends / laterally flexes
vertebral column
INSERTION:
transverse processes
of thoracic through cervical
vertebrae; multiple ribs
ORIGIN:
spinous processes
of upper lumbar and lower
thoracic vertebrae
ACTION:
extends vertebral column
INSERTION:
spinous processes
of upper thoracic and
cervical vertebrae
(Posterior view)
(Posterior view)
Muscles Promoting Trunk Extension
Muscles Promoting Trunk Extension
Semispinalis
ORIGIN:
transverse processes
of vertebrae C7 – T12
Quadratus lumborum
ACTION:
extends vertebral column
INSERTION:
spinous processes
of cervical and
throacic vertebrae
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
Iliac crest (os coxa)
laterally flexes
vertebral column
INSERTION:
transverse processes
of vertebrae L1 – L4;
lower margin of rib 12
(Posterior view)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Breathing
Muscles Promoting Breathing
External intercostals
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
inferior border of
rib above
elevates rib cage
INSERTION:
superior border of
rib below
(Anterior view)
7
10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Breathing
Muscles Promoting Breathing
Internal intercostals
Diaphragm
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
superior border of
rib below
depresses rib cage
inferior internal surface
of rib cage / sternum;
lumbar vertebrae
expands thoracic cavity
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
inferior border of
rib above
central tendon of
diaphragm
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Movement / Compression of Abdominal Wall
Muscles Promoting Movement /
Compression of Abdominal Wall
Rectus abdominis
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
pubic crest (os coxa)
flexes / rotates lumbar
region of vertebral column
INSERTION:
xiphoid process (sternum);
ribs 5 - 7
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Movement / Compression of Abdominal Wall
Muscles Promoting Movement / Compression of Abdominal Wall
External oblique
Internal oblique
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
outer surface of
ribs 4 – 12
flexes / rotates vertebral
column; compresses
abdominal wall
iliac crest (os coxa)
flexes / rotates vertebral
column; compresses
abdominal wall
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
linea alba;
pubic crest (os coxa);
ribs 9 – 12
linea alba
(tendinous sheet)
(Anterior view)
(Anterior view)
8
10/17/2012
Muscles Promoting Movement / Compression of Abdominal Wall
Transversus abdominis
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
lumbar vertebrae;
ribs 7 – 12;
iliac crest (os coxa)
compress abdominal
wall
Muscles Promoting Pelvic
Floor Support
INSERTION:
linea alba;
pubic crest (os coxa)
(Anterior view)
Muscles Promoting Pelvic Floor Support
Muscles Promoting Pelvic Floor Support
Levator ani
Coccygeus
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
inner pelvis from pubis
to ischial spine
supports / maintains
position of pelvic viscera
ischial spine (ischium)
supports pelvic viscera
INSERTION:
INSERTION:
sacrum; coccyx
inner surface of coccyx
(Medial view)
(Medial view)
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