Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
11 Edition Management Stephen P. ROBBINS Mary COULTER Part IV. Leading Chapter Six Managers and Communication Lecturer: Seng Theara Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-1 Chapter Objectives 1. 2. 3. 4. Nature of communication Methods of interpersonal communication Organizational communication Information technology and communication Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-2 Nature of Communication • What Is Communication? The transfer and understanding of meaning. • Transfer means the message was received in a form that can be interpreted by the receiver. • Understanding the message is not the same as the receiver agreeing with the message. Interpersonal Communication • Communication between two or more people Organizational Communication • All the patterns, network, and systems of communications within an organization. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-3 Methods of Interpersonal Communication Interpersonal Communication Process Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-4 Methods of Interpersonal Communication (Cont’d) • Elements Message—Source: sender’s intended meaning. Encoding—Message converted to symbolic form. Medium– Channel through which the message travels. Decoding—Receiver’s retranslation of the message. Noise—Disturbances that interfere with communications. Feedback—Communication channel distortions affecting the return message from receiver to sender. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-5 Methods of Interpersonal Communication (Cont’d) • Communication Methods Nonverbal communication Is communication transmitted without words. Body language Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-6 Methods of Interpersonal Communication (Cont’d) • Communication Methods Verbal communication People communicate with each other most often by talking, or oral communication. Include speeches, formal one-on-one and group discussions and inform discussion. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-7 Methods of Interpersonal Communication (Cont’d) • Communication Methods Written communication Include memos, letters, organizational periodicals and bulletin boards. When communications are complex or lengthy are verifiable record. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-8 Methods of Interpersonal Communication (Cont’d) National Culture Language Filtering Emotions Barriers to Effective Communication Information Overload Electronic Barriers of Communication Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-9 Methods of Interpersonal Communication (Cont’d) • Overcoming the Barriers – Use feedback – Simplify language – Listen activity – Constrain emotions – Watch nonverbal cues Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-10 Organizational Communication • Formal Communication Refers to communication that takes place within prescribed organizational work arrangements. For example, when a manager asks an employee to complete a task, that’s formal communication. Another example of formal communication occurs when an employee communicates a problem to his or her manager. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-11 Organizational Communication (Cont’d) • Informal Communication Is organizational communication not defined by the organization’s structural hierarchy. Employees form friendships and communicate with each other at the break time. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-12 Organizational Communication (Cont’d) • Direction of Communication Flow Downward Communications that flow from managers to employees to inform, direct, coordinate, and evaluate employees. Upward Communications that flow from employees up to managers to keep them aware of employee needs and how things can be improved to create a climate of trust and respect. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-13 Organizational Communication (Cont’d) • Direction of Communication Flow Lateral (Horizontal) Communication Communication that takes place among employees on the same level in the organization. Diagonal Communication Is communication that crosses both work areas and organizational levels. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-14 Organizational Communication (Cont’d) • Organizational Communication Networks Chain Network Communication flows according to the formal chain of command, both upward and downward. Wheel Network All communication flows in and out through the group leader (hub) to others in the group. All-Channel Network Communications flow freely among all members of the work team. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-15 Organizational Communication (Cont’d) Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-16 IT and Communication • Benefits of Information Technology (IT) Increased ability to monitor individual and team performance Better decision making based on more complete information More collaboration and sharing of information Greater accessibility to coworkers Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-17 IT and Communication (Cont’d) • Networked Computer Systems Linking individual computers to create an organizational network for communication and information sharing. • E-mail • Fax machines • Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) • Teleconferencing • Videoconferencing • Web conferencing Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-18 IT and Communication (Cont’d) • Types of Network Systems Intranet An internal network that uses Internet technology and is accessible only to employees. Extranet Technology and allows authorized users inside the organization to communicate with certain outsiders such as customers and vendors. Wireless (WIFI) capacities Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-19 IT and Communication (Cont’d) • How IT Affects Organization Removes the constraints of time and distance Allows widely dispersed employees to work together. Provides for the sharing of information Increases effectiveness and efficiency. Integrates decision making and work Provides more complete information and participation for better decisions. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall 6-20