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Theories of Learning Behaviorist Perspective Adlawan, Jezelle Jane- Thorndike Anglin, Andrew - Tolman Dura, Joyce - Bandura Morales, Arlene - Watson Santiago, Ram - Skinner Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Features Cues for teaching -Repetitive behavior = -Stimulus – response + - Shaping -Gradual steps = positive reinforcement -Reinforcement produce secondary stimuli reinforcement = learning learning eg. Oral recitation – question and answer Thorndike’s Connectionism Features LAWS of -Effect Cues for teaching •Behavior + punishment [S-punishment; reward- = no learning R] Behavior + reward = learning -Exercise [S-practice-feedbackenhancement-R] -Readiness [S-readiness-R] •Practice + feedback = learning • preparedness + Stimulus = learning Watson’s Conditioning Features Cues for teaching • Unconditioned •Stimuli-response + stimulus – unconditioned conditioning = learning response Conditioned stimulus – •Association of conditioned response things/person/experiences = learning Tolman’s Purposive Behaviorism Features • Stimuli > tentative cognitive- like map > response Cues for teaching - Purpose + goal =learning -Significate + sign + intervening variable = learning eg. assessments Bandura’s Social Learning Theory Features Cues for teaching •Observation + •Social + Cognitive= selection= imitation Learning eg. Group interactions References: • Lucas, Maria Rita D. and Brenda B. Corpus. (2007) Facilitating Learning. Lorimar Publishing Inc. • Hilgard, Ernest and Gordon Bower. (1966) Theories of Learning. Meredith Publishing Company. • http://www.emtech.net/learning_theories. htm
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