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Transcript 
OPTICAL
PARAMETRIC
OSCILLATORS
Malcolm H. Dunn
PH 5182
Displays & Nonlinear Optics
Martinmas 2008-9
See on School website:
School Courseware,
Displays & Nonlinear Optics 2,
MHD
For high definition version of PowerPoint slides.
Also on School website, downloadable :
PSST!
REFERENCES
“Optical Parametric Oscillators” M. Ebrahimzadeh & M. H. Dunn.
OSA Handbook of Optics Vol IV Ch 22 (McGraw Hill, 2001).
“Parametric Generation of Tunable Light from Continuous-Wave to
Femtosecond Pulse.” M. H. Dunn & M. Ebrahimzadeh, Science 286,
1513-1517 (1999)
“Optical Electronics”, A. Yariv, Ch 8, (4th Edn. 1991), etc.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
BASICS
P = ε0 χ(2) Ε2
Doubly/singly
resonant
Cavity can be either singly
or doubly resonant
TEMPORAL
&
SPECTRAL
COVERAGE
OF
OPTICAL
PARAMETRIC
OSCILLATORS
and mid-IR
& THz Radiation
NONLINEAR
FREQUENCY
GENERATION
-BASICS
PARAMETRIC
AMPLIFICATION
The k’s are those in the medium,
where:
k(medium) = n.k(vacuum)
*
dE10 / dz = iκ 1 E30 E 20
exp[ −i∆ kz ]
*
dE 20 / dz = iκ 2 E30 E10
exp[ −i∆ kz ]
dE 30 / dz = iκ 3 E10 E 20 exp[ + i∆ kz ]
*
δE10 = iκ 1 E 30 E 20
exp[ − i∆ kz ].δz
ELECTROMAGNETIC
WAVE EQUATIONS
FOR
NONLINEAR
OPTICS
Maxwell’s Wave Equation
Three fields
-complex notation
Substitute
Nonlinear terms
Filter out terms of each frequency in turn.
Down-conversion
Non-optimum
Up-conversion
Role of Phase in Nonlinear Optics
PHASE IN
NONLINEAR
GENERATION
PSST! SIMULATIONS
PHASE
MATCHING
PHASE MATCHING
METHODS
TRADITIONAL
APPROACH
BIREFRINGENCE
COMPENSATES
DISPERSION
NEWER APPROACH
QUASI-PHASE MATCHING
VIA
PERIODIC POLING
OF THE CRYSTAL
GAIN &
THRESHOLDS
M/V
cosh 2 [ΓL] ≈ 1 + Γ 2 L2
δI = I out − Iin
δI/I ≈ Γ 2 L2
µm
pm/V
Optimised
Focussing
Pump laser
OPO
SYNCHRONOUS PUMPING – femto-/pico-second devices
Match the round-trip times of the two cavities
Peak gain >round-trip loss
g~ ~ g .P.(W ).L(cm) / 100
p18
70µJ
p22
CONTINUOUS-WAVE
OPTICAL PARAMETRIC
OSCILLATORS.
(CW-OPOs)
p24
p27
ν
ν
Disadvantage: over-constrained.
Advantage: frequency selection
TYPE II
LBO
NCPM
DOUBLY-RESONANT OPO
νi
νP
But:
ν i + νs= νp
Common Cavity
Fixed frequency pump
OVER-CONSTRAINED
Doesn’t oscillate at ALL
frequencies
SINGLE
MODE-PAIR
OSCILLATION
DUAL-CAVITY
DOUBLY-RESONANT
OPO
DUAL-CAVITY
DOUBLY
-RESONANT
OPTICAL
PARAMETRIC
OSCILLATOR
p31
p34
p35
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