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Blood cancer risks
 Blood cancers can affect anyone, at any point in their life: with some exceptions, most types are more common in older people
though.
 Some types of blood cancer are slightly more common in women than men and vice versa.
 Some types of blood cancer are slightly more common in some ethnicities.
 Blood cancer rarely runs in the families.
 Sometimes treatment for a previous cancer or lowered immunity can contribute to you getting blood cancer.
 Although researchers are looking into links blood cancer may have with some infections and viruses, you can't catch blood
cancer.
 There are no known links between blood cancer and lifestyle factors such as diet, or environmental factors such as radiation unless at a level you'd never be exposed to in everyday life.
Gender: Men are more likely to develop CML, CLL and AML than women.
Age: The risk of most leukemias, with the exception of ALL, typically increases with age.
GENETICS
Family history: Most leukemias have no familial link. However, first degree relatives of CLL patients, or having an identical twin who
has or had AML or ALL, may put you at an increased risk for developing the disease.
Genetic diseases: Certain genetic abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, may play a role in the development of leukemia.
LIFESTYLE
Smoking: Although smoking may not be a direct cause of leukemia, smoking cigarettes does increase the risk of developing AML.
EXPOSURES
Exposure to high levels of radiation: Exposure to high-energy radiation (e.g., atomic bomb explosions) and intense exposure to lowenergy radiation from electromagnetic fields (e.g., power lines).
Chemical exposure: Long-term exposure to certain pesticides or industrial chemicals like benzene is considered to be a risk for
leukemia.
©Connie Dello Buono 15Sept2016 ;
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Prenatal exposure to x-rays, and genetic syndromes chromosomal alterations and mutations that disrupt the normal process by which
lymphoid or myeloid progenitor cells differentiate and senesce. The underlying triggers for molecular damage may be inherited during
pregnancy and may develop during infancy and childhood. These translocations are a ‘‘hallmark’’ genetic event in leukemia. Many
leukemia patients have a chromosomal translocation that is often the only observable cytogenetic aberration. These abnormalities help
categorize leukemia for treatment strategy and prognosis and may also delineate specific causal pathways to malignancy.
Recently, genetic backtracking analyses, using archived newborn blood specimens and pretreatment bone marrow or peripheral blood
specimens obtained at the time of diagnosis, have been applied to study the timing of various translocations. To date, a prenatal origin
has been established for several chromosomal abnormalities.
http://superfund.berkeley.edu/pdf/28.pdf