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BIOLOGY CLASS NOTES Unit 1 The Biology of Cells CELL BIOLOGY Cells that have a nucleus are called EUKARYOTIC. VACUOLES store food and water. They are always found in plant cells. VACUOLES are organelles for storage. CHLOROPLASTS are plant organelles that have a pigment called chlorophyll. One prokaryotic organism is a BACTERIUM (bacteria). Plant cells have CELL WALLS and animal cells do not. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a CELL MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM and GENETIC MATERIAL. Eukaryotic cells have: a NUCLEUS and ORGANELLES. CELL BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY Proteins are made by ribosomes. CELL BIOLOGY Bacterial cells (bacteria) do not have a nucleus. CELL BIOLOGY Golgi complex (body) packages proteins. CELL BIOLOGY Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic. Both of these types of cells have a nucleus and a cell membrane. CELL BIOLOGY Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll. The pigment chlorophyll carries out photosynthesis. Animal cells do NOT have cell walls or chlorophyll-containing chloroplasts. CELL BIOLOGY POP QUIZ!! CELL BIOLOGY A cell with a nucleus is called _______________. A ____________ is a large storage vessel for food or water and is commonly found in plant cells. What organelle is used for storage? What plant organelle contains chlorophyll? What is an example of a prokaryotic cell? Name one thing a plant cell has that an animal cell does not have. What structures do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common? Name two things found in a eukaryotic cell that are not found in a prokaryotic cell. CELL BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY CENTRIOLES cause cell division in animal cells. They separate chromosomes. CELL BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY MITOCHONDRIA do cell respiration. They break down nutrients (food) into usable cell energy. CELL BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transports materials inside the cell. CELL BIOLOGY REMEMBER! Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have two things in common: cell membrane Genetic material The CELL MEMBRANE controls what comes in and out of a cell. CELL BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY LYSOSOMES have digestive chemicals called enzymes to break down food for nutrients and energy. CELL BIOLOGY The CELL WALL gives structure and support for bacterial and plant cells. CELL BIOLOGY The NUCLEUS has DNA and controls the cell. CELL BIOLOGY REMEMBER!! Two things that prokaryotic cells DO NOT have but eukaryotic cells DO are Nucleus Organelles CELL BIOLOGY POP QUIZ!! CELL BIOLOGY What organelle is only in animal cells and causes cell division? Which organelle gives a cell energy from food? Which organelle moves materials around inside the cell? What is an example of a prokaryotic cell? Name an organelle that plant cells have but animal cells do not. Which organelle packages proteins? Name an organelle that animal cells have but plant cells do not. CELL BIOLOGY CONGRATULATIONS! YOU’VE COME TO THE END OF UNIT 1: CELL BIOLOGY!
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