Download FIGURE 8-1 Single-function analog meters. (Courtesy of Hour Insts.)

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Transcript 
FIGURE 8-1
Single-function analog meters. (Courtesy of Hour Insts.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-2
D’Arsonval meter movement.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-3
Meter movement with a shunt resistor to measure current.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-4
Switching arrangement for a multirange current meter.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-5
Meter movement with a multiplier used to measure voltage.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-6
Switching arrangements for a multirange voltmeter.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-7
calculations.
Ohmeter design: (a) ohmmeter circuit with a meter movement used to measure resistance; (b) ohmmeter circuit
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-8
Ohmeter scale: (a) Ohm’s scale of a meter; (b) marking or calibrating an Ohm’s scale.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-9 Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM)-Analog meter. (Courtesy of Triplett Corp.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-10 Meter used to measure electrical power: (a) dynamometer movement; (b) meter movement schematic; (c) circuit.
(a)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-10 continued Meter used to measure electrical power: (a) dynamometer movement; (b) meter movement schematic; (c)
circuit.
(b)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-11 Watt-hour meter. (Courtesy of Sangamo-Schlumberger.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-12 Using single-phase wattmeters to measure three-phase power.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-13 Chart-Recording three-phase power analyzer with clamp-on line monitors. (Courtesy of Esterline Angus Co.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-14 Circuit of a power factor meter.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-15 Power demand meter. (Courtesy of Sangamo-Schlumberger.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-16 Frequency meters. (Courtesy of J-B-T Instruments.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-16 continued Frequency meters. (Courtesy of J-B-T Instruments.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-17 Oscilloscopes may be used to measure frequency. [(a) Courtesy of Tektronix co; (b) courtesy of Leader Co.]
(a)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-17 continued Oscilloscopes may be used to measure frequency. [(a) Courtesy of Tektronix co; (b) courtesy of Leader Co.]
(b)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-18 GFI circuit tester. (Courtesy of Leviton Co.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-19 Megohmmeter used to measure high resistance. (Courtesy of James G. Biddle Instruments.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-20 Clamp-on current meter: (a) operational principle; (b) analog meter; (c) digital ac/dc clamp meter. [(b) Courtesy of VIZ
Manufacturing Co.; (c) courtesy of Extech Instruments Corp.]
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-20 continued Clamp-on current meter: (a) operational principle; (b) analog meter; (c) digital ac/dc clamp meter. [(b) Courtesy
of VIZ Manufacturing Co.; (c) courtesy of Extech Instruments Corp.]
(b)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-20 continued Clamp-on current meter: (a) operational principle; (b) analog meter; (c) digital ac/dc clamp meter. [(b) Courtesy
of VIZ Manufacturing Co.; (c) courtesy of Extech Instruments Corp.]
(c)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-21 Wheatstone bridge: (a) circuit of a Wheatstone bridge; (b) comparative instrument. [(b) Courtesy of Leeds & Northrup, a
unit of General Signal.]
(a)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-21 continued Wheatstone bridge: (a) circuit of a Wheatstone bridge; (b) comparative instrument. [(b) Courtesy of Leeds &
Northrup, a unit of General Signal.]
(b)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-22 Construction of an electrostatic-deflection CRT: (a) cutaway view; (b) electron beam detail.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-22 continued Construction of an electrostatic-deflection CRT: (a) cutaway view; (b) electron beam detail.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-23 Block diagram of a general-purpose oscillo-scope.
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-24 Waveforms that could easily be observed on a digital storage oscilloscope (DSO).
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-25 Digital storage oscilloscope. (Courtesy of Leader Instrument Corp.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-26 Block diagram of a typical digital storage oscilloscope (DSO).
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-27 Autoranging digital multimeter-range adjusts automatically. (Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Co.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-28 Chart recording instruments. (Courtesy of Gould, Inc., Instruments Division, Cleveland, Ohio.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
FIGURE 8-29 X-Y recorder. (Courtesy of Esterline Angus Instruments Division.)
Dale R. Patrick
Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e
Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
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