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Individual Freedom and the Public Interest Cheryl Harris, Tammarra Lewis and Darrell Strong Summary of a Case Susan Loring a ninth grade English teacher works at a topless bar on weekends to supplement her teachers salary and to help out her seriously ill mother. After a countywide administrators’ meeting, Principal Sam Endicott patronized the topless bar where he spotted Susan Loring who was seen dancing and wearing only a G-string. Facts Sam and Susan worked at Dennison Junior High Sam asserted that he had no objections to Susan working a second job as long as it did not interfere with her teaching responsibilities Since working a second job Susan had gotten better at her duties as a teacher Susan is respected by staff members and idolized by her students Some girl students had begun to emulate her speech and dress Facts Some boy students had fallen in love with her. Spencertown is a conservative community and would be outraged if a topless bar was to open in their community. Sam believed a person’s out-of-school life was of no concern to others but this was not the sentiment of the community. Sam was embarrassed because his eyes covered Susan’s nude body. Questions Is there anything wrong with Miss Susan Loring’s working as a topless dancer? Does her doing so somehow make her unfit to teach? Are people in the Spencertown community right to be upset because Susan and Sam are at the topless bar? Personal Liberty Does Susan Loring have a right to her second profession and does Sam Endicott have a right to patronize a topless bar? Do parental views about the moral character of the people who teach their children count? What effects would Susan’s second profession have on her students when they find out? Conclusion Distinguish between public and private actions John Stuart MillPeople are entitled to complete freedom in the private sphere, but they might be accountable to others in the public sphere. Mill’s Two-strand Test First-Apply to other cases-moral question It’s application seemed to produce objectionable consequences. That seemed to be a reason for modifying it. Mill’s Test Continued Analysis:Moral Judgments facts, moral principles, preferences Fact-The grass is green (true or false). Moral Principle-We should always tell the truth (right/ wrong, duties/obligations). Preference/value-Pickles are better than olives (good/better). Attempted to illuminate the concept of individual liberty by seeing how it might be argued for in terms of two abstract moral views that was sketched earlier, the principle of benefit maximization and of equal respect for persons Progress in Ethical Reasoning We have learned to use our own moral experiences as evidence for the adequacy of our formulations of moral principles Even if we have not resolved many of the issues we have raised, we have come to understand what is at stake in them in a more fundamental way. This leads to more responsible decision-making. Tiger! Tiger! Burning Bright Sharon Athis, a student at Enterwood Community College, was suffering from anxiety and was assigned to Bernice Cleis the school’s counseling psychologist. Dr. Cleis mentioned of using successful therapeutic techniques for sexual anxiety She was seeing Sharon more than usual One evening they were seen out arm in arm Sharon’s parents were concerned about her mental health Smith overheard an inappropriate conversation between Sharon and Dr. Cleis when his intercom was on. Tiger! Tiger! Burning Bright! Questions Would Smith be violating Cleis’s right to privacy if he left the intercom on? Does a professional psychologist have a right to privacy in his/her relations with a client? Distinguish privacy from confidentiality and secrecy. What obligations if any does Smith have to Sharon Athis? If you were President of the college what would you do? Pregnant Helen is the principal at Southwest High School in an economically depressed area. She spent a large amount of time trying to staff her building. Rebecca is pregnant and a valued experienced math teacher. Rebecca decided to work as long as she could before having her baby which was due in November. Helen tried to convince Rebecca to stop working immediately so that she could fill the job for the upcoming school year. Helen told Rebecca her first obligation is to the students Rebecca told Helen her first obligation is to her family Pregnant Can Helen rightfully interfere with Rebecca’s plans for her maternity leave? Is there any moral principle embedded in students’ needs for a competent teacher or justification for interference? How can school districts avoid this kind of problem? The Aryan Brotherhood Fred Mueller a first-rate physics teacher is a member of the Aryan Brotherhood-a group that prepares for the collapse of America and carry simulated weapons during practice. Fred is lieutenant in the organization and a story about his affiliation in the group was written in the paper. The reporter and others wondered how he could teach to his Jewish and minority students. Fred became upset when students questioned him about his affiliation with the white supremacy group. The Aryan Brotherhood Fred told the students that his political beliefs and affiliations are none of their damn business. Suppose you were Principal Sarah Kratz. What position would you take regarding Mueller’s claims? Why? Compare this case to Susan Loring’s second profession. Does the school have a duty to promote racial tolerance?