Download array A built-in JavaScript object containing a collection of values

array A built-in JavaScript object containing a collection of values organized under a single
name.
array literal A compact form that uses a bracketed list to create and populate JavaScript arrays.
case statement See switch statement.
command block A collection of commands used in for loops, if statements, and other JavaScript
structures and which is set off by a set of opening and closing curly braces.
compare function A JavaScript function that compares two or more adjacent array values and
which is used to change the default sorting order applied to arrays.
conditional statement A statement that runs a command or command block only when certain
conditions are met.
continue statement A statement that is similar to the break statement except that instead of
stopping a program loop, it stops processing the commands in the current iteration of the loop
and continues to the next iteration.
counter variable Within the for loop, the variable used to track the number of times a command
block is run.
equals operator (==) An operator used to test whether one value is equal to another.
FIFO principle See first-in first-out principle.
first-in first-out principle A rule applied to queue data structures so that the first items added to
the queue are the first items removed.
for loop A programming structure in which a set of commands is repeated based on the changing
values of a counter variable.
if else statement An if structure in which one command block is run if the statement is true,
while a second command block is run if the statement is false.
index A counting value used to distinguish one member of an array from another.
last-in first-out principle A rule applied to stack data structures so that the last items added to
the stack are the first items removed.
LIFO principle See last-in first-out principle.
matrix A data format in which values are laid out in a rectangular grid of rows and columns.
modulus operator An operator that returns the integer remainder after dividing one integer by
another.
multidimensional array A JavaScript structure consisting of two or more nested arrays, used to
mimic the behavior of a matrix.
nested if structure A structure in which one if statement is placed within another.
parallel array An array in which an item in the array matches an entry within another array.
program loop A programming structure that repeats a set of commands until a stopping
condition is met.
queue A data structure in which the first items added to the data list are the first removed; in
JavaScript this is applied with the shift() method.
spaghetti code A programming term that refers to convoluted or poorly written code.
sparse array An array with some of the members left empty or undefined.
stack A data structure in which new items are added to the top of the structure or to the end of
the array.
statement label Text that identifies a statement in the JavaScript code so that you can reference
those lines elsewhere in the code.
subarray A part or section extracted from an array and used to create a new array.
switch statement A structure in which different commands are based upon different possible
values of a specified variable.
unstuck The operation of removing the last item from a stack; applied with the JavaScript pop()
function.
while loop A program loop in which a command block is run as long as a specified condition is
met.