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Ag Mech. 2 and 4 Cycle Engines Strokes 4 cycle Intake, compression, power, and exhaust functions take place during four strokes of the piston (two revolutions of the crankshaft). Intake stroke Intake valve is open. Exhaust valve is closed. Piston is moving downward, creating a vacuum in the cylinder sucking air/fuel mixture. Compression Stroke Intake and exhaust valves are closed. Piston is moving upward compressing air/fuel mixture. Power Stroke Intake and exhaust valves are closed. Spark plug ignites. Air/fuel mixture explodes pushing piston downward. Exhaust Stroke Intake valve is closed. Exhaust valve is open. Piston is moving upward, pushing burnt air/fuel mixture to the muffler. 2 cycle Intake, compression, power, and exhaust functions take place during only two strokes of the piston (one revolution of the crankshaft). Piston moves up, crankcase pressure drops and the intake port to crankcase is opened. Air/fuel mixture enters the crankcase and air/fuel mixture in cylinder is being compressed. Piston moves down due to explosion from combustion of fuel mixture creating an increase of pressure in crankcase. As piston nearly finishes downward stroke, intake port opens to the cylinder and exhaust port opens to muffler exchanging gases in the cylinder by the piston pushing new air/fuel mixture into cylinder. The Complete Magneto Cycle When the permanent magnet moves away from the coil, it has little or no effect on the coil. But as the magnet comes closer, the primary winding of the coil "feels" the increasing magnetic field. The coil is being acted upon by the magnetic lines of force, therefore, current flows in the primary circuit. This current passes through the breaker-points and into the ground. When the permanent magnet moves some more, the magnetic field is reversed and induces low voltage in the primary coil. At this point the piston is reaching the top of its stroke and is compressing the air-fuel mixture. The breaker points open, causing primary magnetic field to collapse at an extremely high rate through secondary windings. This induces high voltage which is required to fire the spark plug. Spark plug fires and condenser discharges voltage back into primary circuit.