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Reye’s Syndrome
What is Reye’s syndrome?
Reye’s syndrome is a rare but serious condition that primarily affects children and may follow a viral
illness such as the flu (influenza) or chickenpox (varicella). While Reye’s syndrome can affect all organs
in the body, it most commonly causes swelling of the brain and a large build up of fat in the liver.
Who gets Reye’s syndrome?
The illness usually occurs in children but can occur at any age.
Is Reye’s syndrome contagious?
Reye’s syndrome is not contagious.
What are the symptoms of Reye’s syndrome?
Early symptoms usually begin suddenly about 1 week after a viral illness (such as chickenpox or flu) and
can include persistent or continuous vomiting, followed by personality changes, confusion, convulsions
(extreme jerking or shaking) and loss of energy. The symptoms of Reye’s syndrome can often seem
like other illnesses such as encephalitis (swelling of the brain or spinal cord) or meningitis (swelling of
the lining that protects the brain and spinal cord); therefore, it can be difficult to diagnose.
What causes Reye’s syndrome?
No one knows what causes Reye’s syndrome; however, studies have shown that using aspirin
(salicylate-containing medication) to treat a viral illness (such as chickenpox or flu) can increase the risk
of developing Reye’s syndrome in children.
What is the treatment for Reye’s syndrome?
There is no specific treatment for Reye’s syndrome. Therapy is geared towards prevention of further
brain swelling and other complications. Some people recover completely, while others may have
permanent brain problems. It has been shown that treatment started early can lead to a better result.
How can I prevent Reye’s syndrome?
Never give a child under 18 years of age aspirin (salicylate-containing medication) unless told to do so
by your healthcare provider. Keep in mind that salicylates can be found in a wide range of over-thecounter medications such as Pepto-Bismol and compounds containing oil of wintergreen and should
not be given to a child with a cold or fever.
Boston Public Health Commission | Infectious Disease Bureau
1010 Massachusetts Avenue | Boston, MA 02118 | www.bphc.org | 617-534-5611
Reye’s Syndrome | English | March 2007