Download Introduction to the Oscilloscope

Brown University
Physics Department
PHYS 0060
Introduction to the Oscilloscope
Introduction to the Oscilloscope
(Tektronix TDS 220/2012/2012B)
This write-up describes the operation of the oscilloscope, an instrument you are likely to
be using for one or more of your labs. The goal for today is for you to become very
comfortable with using the oscilloscope as a measuring device. We suggest below a
procedure that will introduce you to the basic features of the oscilloscopes you will be
using in the lab. You are encouraged to explore all of the settings on the oscilloscope;
don't hesitate to ask your TA about any knobs or buttons that aren't clear.
The oscilloscope (scope, for short) is particularly useful when we are dealing with
repetitive electrical signals, since it can literally draw a picture of the time behavior of a
signal. To accomplish this, the digital oscilloscope will sample an analog signal, convert
it to a digital form with an ADC (analog to digital converter), process this information
and display the signal on a LCD viewing screen of the digital oscilloscope. The
oscilloscope in a sense acts like “electronic graph paper” for signals that vary in time
with the user being able to change the time (x axis) and voltage (y axis) scales.
In the operations described below, the horizontal deflections of the signal trace are made
proportional to time. An external signal is applied in the vertical direction. As a result, a
pattern is traced on the screen in which the signal is displayed as a function of time. If the
external voltage is DC, a horizontal straight line would be traced out whose vertical
position depends on the voltage applied. For sine or square wave voltages, the
corresponding shape is traced on the screen, and the amplitude and period of the signal
can be measured, for example.
Equipment
A sketch of the control panel of the Tektronix TDS 220 oscilloscope is included at the
end of the write-up (Fig. 1), and the various knobs and dials are numbered there (the
TDS 2012 & 2012B have nearly identical buttons and knobs and this guide applies to
them as well). Within the text, there is generally a corresponding control indicator that
refers to that sketch. (C9), for example, refers to the sec/div knob, which you will find so
numbered on the sketch.
For a signal source, we will use an electronic oscillator, the Pasco Digital Function
Generator. You can control three characteristics of the signal:
1. The waveform can be either sinusoidal, “square wave,” or triangle depending on the
position of the waveform switch. All waveforms are periodic. The square
waveform has constant amplitude in each half cycle, positive for half a cycle and
then negative for half a cycle.
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
2. The frequency of the signal is controlled by the frequency knob in combination with
the frequency range switch. The latter multiplies the frequency shown on the digital
LCD frequency display. By pushing the switch repeatedly you will shift the output
frequency by a factor of 10 each time.
3. The amplitude of the signal is controlled by the output level knob. The amplitude of
the signal increases as the output level knob is rotated clockwise. The function
generator’s sine and triangle voltage output ranges from 0 Volts to a maximum of
20 volts peak to peak, the square wave output voltage can be adjusted from 0 to 10
volts peak to peak. For further information on the Pasco digital function generator
you can read the manufacturer’s instruction sheet available on line.
Procedures
Studying the Oscilloscope: The steps described in Subsections (a) – (g) below are
designed to introduce the different features of the scope one after another. By all means,
make use of the help of the lab teaching assistant at any step, before going on to the next,
if there is something about what you are doing that you do not understand.
(a) Survey of the Control Panel: Do not turn the scope on until you have studied the
controls on the face of the scope. Disconnect any signal cables from either of the two
input terminals (marked CH 1 and CH 2) at the bottom of the control panel (C-11).
Locate the large knob marked SEC/DIV (C-9). This is the knob that controls how fast
the signal trace sweeps across the screen horizontally. The actual setting of this knob will
be displayed on the oscilloscope screen. For example, if SEC/DIV is set at 2 ms, the
signal trace will move to the right by one division in two milliseconds. (A division refers
to the spacing of the gridlines on the oscilloscope screen.) Setting the SEC/DIV knob at
5 s causes the signal trace to move one division horizontally in five microseconds, a
much faster rate of horizontal travel of the signal trace. As you turn the SEC/DIV knob
control clockwise, the signal trace sweeps faster and faster until you reach the maximum
speed of 5 ns (nanoseconds) per division.
Now find two similar knobs marked VOLTS/DIV (C-8). These are the knobs that control
how far the signal trace will be deflected in the vertical direction for a given input
voltage. As with the SEC/DIV knob, the actual setting of the VOLTS/DIV knob will be
displayed on the screen. As the VOLTS/DIV knob is rotated clockwise, a signal of the
same strength causes an ever increasing vertical deflection. Suppose, for example, that a
signal with strength of one volt were being applied. With the knob at 1 V, this would
cause a vertical deflection of 1 division. With the knob turned clockwise to the 0.2 V
position, the same signal would cause a deflection of 5 divisions. The maximum
sensitivity is 1 mV, where a 1 millivolt signal would cause a deflection of 1 division.
The scope panel is divided into two similar sets of controls, marked CH 1 and CH 2,
corresponding to the two signal inputs. This allows us to observe two different signals.
For example, a voltage and a current can be studied simultaneously. The MODE switches
(C-1) and (C-2) selects which channel (or both) is displayed.
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
The scope, by the way, has an enormous tolerance for the strength of the signals being
presented. The signal trace might be driven far off the screen by large signals, but no
damage to the scope is caused by giving it large signals. (There is a limit, of course –
about 300V for this scope.)
The vertical position knobs (C6) control the vertical position of the signal trace for the
two channels. The horizontal position knob (C7) performs the same function for the
horizontal position.
In addition to the controls described above, there are a number of other knobs and buttons
on the control panel, many of which are described below. Note that many of the buttons
activate many menu features. When the button is pushed various features can be enabled.
For example if you push the channel one menu button (C-1), a menu comes up on the
right side of the LCD display that allows you to change the COUPLING(C25),BAND
WIDTH LIMIT(C26),VOLTS/DIV(C27),PROBE(C28) and INVERT(C29) options for
channel 1. If you were to set the COUPLING(C25) option to the “Ground” setting then
the vertical input of the scope is connected to ground potential (i.e., a potential of 0
volts). The AC COUPLING option puts a capacitor in series with the input signal and
will block the DC portion of the signal and will pass only the AC part of the signal. The
DC COUPLING option will allow both DC and AC parts of the signal to be displayed.
For example if the signal from the function generator is V (t )  3.5  10.7 sin( 2 (1000)t )
Volts, with the AC COUPLING option the scope will just display
V (t )  10.7 sin( 2 (1000)t ) Volts. The 3.5 Volt DC offset will be blocked. The DC
COUPLING option will display the entire signal V (t )  3.5  10.7 sin( 2 (1000)t ) Volts.
It is also possible to get erroneous readings if a vertical channel is accidentally set in the
incorrect probe setting(X10, X100, etc.) mode. The Probe setting means the selected
probe attenuates the signal by the factor specified in the menu and that the scope will be
adjusted to compensate for this factor. You will be given 1X attenuation probes for this
orientation training so please make sure the PROBE setting (C28) is always set to the 1X
option.
(b) Using Power and Position Control: Turn the scope on by pushing in the power
button on the top of the scope. Now you must initialize the scope to set it to its initial
factory settings. Press the SAVE/RECALL button (C16) twice, a menu will appear on the
screen that will allow you to set the scope to its factory default. Press (C25), the word
“setups” should now be highlighted in black, now press RECALL FACTORY button
(C26) and you will have set the scope to its factory default setting. If you have done this
correctly channel one should be set for 1 Volt/division and the time base should be set for
500 s /division.
Now set the scope into the x-y mode by pressing the display button (C22) and then press
the format menu button (C27), make sure the XY option is selected.( In x-y mode, the
horizontal deflection of the beam is controlled by the signal applied to CH 1, not by
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
internal time controls of the scope itself. Set the mode switch (C-2) to the CH 2 position
so that channel 2 controls the vertical deflection.
Next, study the effect of the horizontal (C-6) and vertical (C-7) position controls (marked
with corresponding arrows) on the location of the beam spot. Then leave the spot at
center screen.
(c) Vertical Controls: At the bottom of the CH 2 section is a cable connector (C-11). A
connection should be made to the signal generator, Pasco Digital Function generator.
The signal generator can provide sine, square waves, or triangle waves to deflect the
signal trace vertically. What you want is either a sine or square signal with amplitude of
about one volt, whose frequency can be varied.
On the scope, turn the CH 2 VOLTS/DIV knob (C-8) until it reads 1V on the screen. The
CH 2 input menu selector (C25) should be set to AC. Also make sure the probe menu
setting (C28) is set to 1x. Since there is no input to deflect the signal trace horizontally at
this point, the trace should be a vertical line. The signal trace bobs up and down from
center with a frequency set by the signal generator.
With a constant amplitude signal from the signal generator, turn the VOLTS/DIV knob
(C-8) from 1V to .5V. The length of the vertical line should double. Try several settings
of the “vertical sensitivity” (i.e., the VOLTS/DIV knob), using values larger and smaller
than the original 1V setting. See if you understand the lengths and intensities of the traces
you obtain.
(d) Horizontal Controls: The most important feature of the scope is its ability to display
signals as a function of time. To see a signal displayed in time, press the display button
(C23), then press the FORMAT MENU button (C27) until the YT menu selection is
chosen. Now set the trigger menu button (C-4) and select the trigger type by pressing
(C25) and making sure EDGE is selected. An edge trigger occurs when the trigger input
passes through a specified voltage level in the specified direction. Then double check that
the scope is set to trigger automatically by pushing the button (C28) and selecting
“AUTO,” set the trigger coupling switch (C29) to “AC,” and set the trigger source switch
(C27) to CH 2. The trigger controls will be described below. If the signal you see is not
stationary, adjust the trigger level knob (C10) until the waveform appears stationary.
Turn the TIME/DIV knob (C-9) to different positions, and notice how, for a fixed
frequency at the vertical input, the sine wave signal is expanded and contracted
horizontally by your choice of the TIME/DIV knob.
(e) Trigger Controls: In order to understand the “horizontal sweep” and triggering
controls, consider that there are two decisions to be made. One is the sweep speed, which
is controlled by the TIME/DIV knob. The second is the trigger condition, which requires
that the signal must exceed a preset minimum value before the sweep will be generated at
all.
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
The trigger level knob (C10) sets the voltage that will cause the oscilloscope to begin a
horizontal sweep. As you turn the trigger level knob clockwise, the starting voltage at the
center of the oscilloscope should increase. Similarly, turning the trigger level knob
counter-clockwise will cause the starting voltage to decrease. To put it another way, the
oscilloscope waits until it sees the input signal cross the voltage set by the trigger level
knob, and then immediately starts a horizontal sweep. When the trigger level is set so far
clockwise or counter-clockwise that the input signal never crosses the trigger level, then
the oscilloscope signal will automatically start at random times and the signal will not be
stable. The TDS 220 digital scope allows you to see the trigger voltage value you have
set, it is displayed graphically as a small arrow on the right hand side of the screen, you
will see it move up (clockwise rotation of knob) and down (counterclockwise rotation of
knob) as you adjust the trigger level knob, its numerical value (in volts) will displayed on
the bottom right hand sign of the screen.
With the trigger menu button (C-4), you can select whether to trigger on the signal from
CH 1, CH 2, AC LINE, or an EXTERNAL TRIGGER signal on the EXT TRIG input
(C12). The trigger slope determines whether you trigger on a rising or falling signal.
This can be set from the trigger menu (C-4) and then pressing (C26) Try both positions of
the trigger slope to see how this affects triggering.
(f) Using the Measurement Cursors: The measurement cursors are quite useful for
making voltage and time measurements. You can turn on the cursors by pressing the
cursor menu button (C21) This will turn on either a pair of vertical lines (for making time
measurements) or a pair of horizontal lines (for making voltage measurements). Then
pressing the various menu buttons (C-25) and (C26) allows you to select type (voltage
and time measurement) and source options (CH1, CH2, MATH, etc). The position of the
cursors can be adjusted by turning the CH1 and CH2 Vertical Position knobs (C6).
Use the voltage and time measurement cursors to measure the amplitude and period of
your signal. Compare these results with the readings you obtain by counting the number
of divisions on the screen, taking into account the voltage/division and time/division
settings. Also compare your measured frequency with the signal generator setting.
Remember 1 graticule (1 big box on the LCD “electronic” graph paper screen) will be
equal to the time and voltage scales you have set with the knobs (C-8) and (C-9) and are
shown at the bottom of the LCD screen.
(g) Other useful features: If you digital scope is connected to a printer you may be able
to print out some of your best data by using the HARDCOPY button (C23). Another
useful feature of the scope is the AUTOSET button (C19). This function will try to find a
stable waveform for you, automatically adjusting vertical and horizontal scaling, trigger
coupling, type, position, slope, level and mode settings. The RUN/STOP button (C24)
allows you to start and stop waveform acquisition. The MATH MENU button (C-5)
allows you to add and subtract the displays of channel 1 and channel 2, and some models
have a measurement module installed that allows you to do a Fourier transform on the
input signals.
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
Finally, this is a very basic introduction to the TDS 220/2012/2012B digital
oscilloscopes, the reader is encouraged to study the Tektronix TDS 200-Series Digital
Real-Time Oscilloscope manual (available online) or hardcopy in the lab for further
details. Also there are many excellent web sites or books that explain how digital and
analog oscilloscopes work in greater detail. The scope has been designed to be user
friendly, the menus and functions are very intuitive and with a little practice and patience
you should get up to speed fairly quickly.
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
COMPUTER DATA ACQUISITION AND CONTROL OF
THE DIGITAL OSCILLOSCOPE
There are three types of oscilloscopes used in our labs. The TDS 220 & TDS 2012
connect to lab computers via USB-serial port adapter (this is a short black cord with a
connector labeled “TRIPP-LITE”), while TDS 2012B oscilloscopes connect straight to
the computer via direct USB cord. Although they perform the same measurements, and
have nearly identical controls, in order to acquire data on the lab computers you must be
sure to apply the correct set of instructions.
Configure the oscilloscope:
If you are connecting to the computer through a USB-serial adapter (oscilloscopes TDS
220/2012), the scope must be configured properly in order for the computer to receive
data from it:
1. Select UTILITY > OPTIONS > RS232 SETUP (buttons C20 > C26 > C26)
2. Make sure that the settings read: “Baud 9600”, “Flow control: Soft flagging” (or
“None”), “EOL string: LF”, “Parity: None”
If you are connecting via direct USB cord, the oscilloscope should configure
automatically. If it does not seem to be connecting, the button labeled “DEFAULT
SETUP” may solve the issue.
Performing a Screen Capture:
1. Turn on the oscilloscope and connect it to the computer using USB or USB-serial
port adapter.
2. Configure oscilloscope as described above.
3. Open Tektronix OpenChoice Desktop.
4. Connect to the oscilloscope.
a. Click: “Select Instrument”
b. -If connected via USB-serial adapter: Look for instrument
“ASRL9::INSTR.” If available, select it, click “OK” and skip to Step 6.
-If connected via direct USB cord: Look for instrument with a title such as
“USB::0x0699::0x0367::C062126::INSTR” or something similar. If it is
available, select it, click “OK” and skip to Step 6.
5. If you do not see “ASRL9::INSTR”/ “USB::0x0699::0x0367::C062126::INSTR”
in the list of instruments, close the “Select Instrument” window. Select the
“Preferences” pane.
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
a. Click “Configure Visa”
b. In the new window titled “OpenChoice Instrument Manager” click
“Update.”
c. ASRL9::INSTR should now appear in the list of instruments.
d. Close the “Instrument Manager” window and return to the “Screen
Capture” pane.
e. Repeat Step 4 to select the oscilloscope.
6. Click: “Get Screen”
7. Save the image file (you have the option of saving as tiff, bitmap, and jpeg file
formats)
a. Click: “Save As”
b. Name the file and specify save location
c. Click: “Save”
Performing Data Capture:
1. If oscilloscope is already properly configured and connected to computer and
software, skip to Step 2. If not:
a. Connect oscilloscope to computer using USB connector.
b. Open Tektronix OpenChoice Desktop
c. Connect to the oscilloscope.
i. Click: “Select Instrument”
ii. -If connected via USB-serial adapter: Look for instrument
“ASRL9::INSTR.” If available, select it, click “OK” and skip to
Step 2.
-If connected via direct USB cord: Look for instrument with a title
such as “USB::0x0699::0x0367::C062126::INSTR” or something
similar. If it is available, select it, click “OK” and skip to Step 2.
iii. If you do not see “ASRL9::INSTR”/ “USB::0x0699::
0x0367::C062126::INSTR” in the list of instruments, close the
“Select Instrument” window. Select the “Preferences” pane.
iv. Click “Configure Visa”
v. In the new window titled “OpenChoice Instrument Manager” click
“Update.”
vi. ASRL9::INSTR or “USB::0x0699…” should now appear in the list
of instruments.
vii. Close the “Instrument Manager” window and return to the “Screen
Capture” pane.
viii. Repeat Steps i. & ii. to select the oscilloscope.
2. Click: “Waveform Data Capture” tab at top of window
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3. Select the input channels for which data should be captured
a. Click: “Select Channels”
b. Check off the box for each channel being used
4. Click: “Get Data”
5. Click: “Save As”
a. Specify file name and save location
b. Make sure file is being saved as .csv
c. Click “Save”
6. Open file with Microsoft Excel to view data in spreadsheet form
Saving and Loading Oscilloscope Settings:
1. If oscilloscope is already properly configured and connected to computer and
software, skip to Step 2. If not:
a. Connect oscilloscope to computer using USB connector (wait until
oscilloscope has started up completely before doing this)
b. Open Tektronix OpenChoice Desktop
c. Connect to the oscilloscope
i. Click: “Select Instrument”
ii. -If connected via USB-serial adapter: Look for instrument
“ASRL9::INSTR.” If available, select it, click “OK” and skip to
Step 2.
-If connected via direct USB cord: Look for instrument with a title
such as “USB::0x0699::0x0367::C062126::INSTR” or something
similar. If it is available, select it, click “OK” and skip to Step 2.
iii. If you do not see “ASRL9::INSTR”/ “USB::0x0699::
0x0367::C062126::INSTR” in the list of instruments, close the
“Select Instrument” window. Select the “Preferences” pane.
iv. Click “Configure Visa”
v. In the new window titled “OpenChoice Instrument Manager” click
“Update.”
vi. ASRL9::INSTR or “USB::0x0699…” should now appear in the list
of instruments.
vii. Close the “Instrument Manager” window and return to the “Screen
Capture” pane.
viii. Repeat Steps i. & ii. to select the oscilloscope.
2. Click: “Get & Send Settings” tab at top of window
3. Click: “Get Settings”
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
4. Save settings
a. Click: “Save As”
b. Specify file name and save location
c. Click: “Save”
5. To load previously saved settings:
a. Click “Open”
b. Open saved settings file
c. Click “Send Settings”
Saving to USB Flash Drive (TDS 2012B only)
The TDS 2012B oscilloscope has a port where data can be written to an external flash
drive. If you are using this model and wish to get screen captures and/or waveform data
in this way, you may find this to be a convenient option. You must provide your own
flash drive with a PC-compatible format (such as FAT32).
1. Insert drive into USB port on the front of the oscilloscope. The oscilloscope will
verify the drive and load it as “A:\”.
2. Pressing “SAVE/RECALL” will display your output options.
a. To save only a screen capture of the current display select “PRINT Button:
Saves Image To File.”
b. Toggle “Action” to display “Save Image.” From here you can select which
kind of image file you would like (i.e. .jpeg, .bmp, .tiff, …)
c. The oscilloscope is now set such that any time you press PRINT, a screen
capture image will be written to your flash drive.
d. To save a screen capture image as well as a .csv spreadsheet data file,
toggle “Action” to read “Save All” and then “PRINT Button: Saves All To
Files.”
e. Now PRINT will write a folder containing an image of the display, a file
containing the settings, and a csv file of the waveform data.
Controlling the Oscilloscope Remotely
Many modern experiments are designed to be programmed and controlled by computer.
Various instruments can be connected together via serial connectors (USB,RS232,GPIB,
etc.) and interfaced with a computer. Several commercial software packages exist to
simplify this such as Labview and Agilent VEE. Below we give examples of
programming the TDS digital oscilloscope using TekVISA and MATLAB (programs
currently available on all lab computers)
TekVISA
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1. If oscilloscope is already properly configured and connected to computer and
software, skip to Step 2. If not:
a. Connect oscilloscope to computer using USB connector (wait until
oscilloscope has started up completely before doing this)
b. Open Tektronix OpenChoice Desktop
c. Connect to the oscilloscope
i. Click: “Select Instrument”
ii. -If connected via USB-serial adapter: Look for instrument
“ASRL9::INSTR.” If available, select it, click “OK” and skip to
Step 2.
-If connected via direct USB cord: Look for instrument with a title
such as “USB::0x0699::0x0367::C062126::INSTR” or something
similar. If it is available, select it, click “OK” and skip to Step 2.
iii. If you do not see “ASRL9::INSTR”/ “USB::0x0699::
0x0367::C062126::INSTR” in the list of instruments, close the
“Select Instrument” window. Select the “Preferences” pane.
iv. Click “Configure Visa”
v. In the new window titled “OpenChoice Instrument Manager” click
“Update.”
vi. ASRL9::INSTR or “USB::0x0699…” should now appear in the list
of instruments.
vii. Close the “Instrument Manager” window and return to the “Screen
Capture” pane.
viii. Repeat Steps i. & ii. to select the oscilloscope.
2. Click: “Preferences” tab at top of window
3. Click: “Configure VISA” to open the OpenChoice Instrument Manager
4. Click on oscilloscope name in Instruments section of window
5. Click: “OpenChoice Talker Listener” in Applications and Utilities section of
window
6. Click: “Start Application or Utility” to open Talker Listener window
7. Make sure the oscilloscope is selected in the Instruments section of window
8. Enter commands or queries in “Enter Command or Script” box (See below for
Command/Query Syntax)
9. Click “Write” if a command is being entered; Click “Query” if a query is being
entered
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10. If a query is entered, the generated response will be displayed in the Talker
Listener Readout box at the bottom of the window.
MATLAB
1. Connect oscilloscope to computer using USB connector (wait until oscilloscope
has started up completely before doing this)
2. Open MATLAB
3. Type “tmtool” and press enter to open the Test & Measurement Tool
4. On the left-hand side of Test & Measurement Tool window, expand the
“Hardware” menu
5. Connect to the oscilloscope:
a. If using a USB-serial adapter, expand the “Serial” menu and select COM9
b. If using direct USB cord, right click on “USB” menu and click “Scan for
USB instruments.” Then click on the name of oscilloscope.
6. In the center panel of the window, click “Connect” (the button may be hidden so
to find it, you might need to scroll across the center panel)
7. Enter commands and queries in the “Data to write:” box (Command/Query
Syntax can be found below)
8. Click “Write” to perform a command or “Query” to perform a query. If a query is
entered, the response will be displayed under “Data” at the bottom of the center
panel. Sample TDS digital oscilloscope commands/queries are listed below.
Command/Query Syntax
Commands and queries are NOT case-sensitive
Queries always end in question marks while commands never have question marks. Some
sample commands and queries are listed below. Try sending some of these commands
and queries to your oscilloscope and note what happens.
AUTOS will have the oscilloscope automatically adjust itself to display a stable
waveform
DIS:FORM YT will set the display to YT form
DIS:FORM XY will set the display to XY form
DIS:FORM? will query for the current display format (either XY or YT)
CURS:FUNC HBA will turn on the horizontal bar cursor
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
CURS:FUNC VBA will turn on the vertical bar cursor
CURS:FUNC OFF will turn off all cursors
CURS:HBA:POSITION x will set the position of the horizontal bars (substitute in a
number value for “x”)
CURS:VBA:POSITION x will set the position of the vertical bars (substitute in a
number value for “x”)
MEAS:IMMED:SOU CH1 will select CH1 as the source for measurements to be taken
MEAS:IMMED:SOU CH2 will select CH2 as the source for measurements to be taken
MEAS:IMMED:TYP FREQ will set the oscilloscope to measure frequency (but will
not actually perform the measurement). Replace FREQ with the following for
different types of measurements:
MEAN – arithmetic mean
PERI – period
PK2 – absolute difference between max and min amplitude
MINI – minimum value
MAXI – maximum value
MEAS:IMMED:VAL? will perform the measurement that was specified with
“MEAS:IMMED:TYP” and return its value.
For more information and other commands, see the Tektronix Programmer manual for
the TDS200, TDS1000, and TDS2000 Series Digital Oscilloscope (hard copy
available in lab).
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
Figure 1
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Introduction to the Oscilloscope
Versions
131125 – Deivid Ribeiro updated header and footer.
140213 – Ryan Michney updated instructions for connecting with usb or serial-usb port adapter in
Windows 7. Deleted portions about serial ports. Updated to refer to TDS 2012 & 2012B models as well.
Added portion about exporting to flash drive for TDS2012B.
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