Download COURSE TITLE: Pharmacology I

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COURSE OUTLINE FORM
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COURSE TITLE:
Pharmacology
COURSE PREFIX AND NO. NURS 1950
LEC
4
LAB 0
CREDIT HOURS
4
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course is designed to assist the student in developing an understanding of how drugs assist the client with
alterations in functional health patterns to attain or maintain optimum health. The nursing process is an integral
component of this course.
COURSE PREREQUISITE (S):
The student will have completed second quarter of the Practical Nursing Program.
RATIONALE:
To prepare LPN students to safely administer medications.
REQUIRED TEXTBOOK (S) and/or MATERIALS:
Textbook:
1.
Pearson package #0133073866 Pharmacology for Nurses: A Pathophysiological Approach. Adams, M: Pren Hall 2011:
ISBN 978-0-13-50891
2.
Workbook for Pharmacology for nurses: A pathophysiological approach. Adam, M. Pren Hall 2010: ISBN 9780135091289 (optional).
Attached course outline written by:
Diane Hughes
Reviewed/Revised by: Nancy Pares
Effective quarter of course outline:
Dean: Stacey Ocander
05/FA
Date:
6/02
Date:
8/05; 6/06; 01/13
Date:
Date:
Course Objectives, Topical Unit Outlines, and Unit Objectives must be attached to this form.
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COURSE OUTLINE FORM
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TITLE: Pharmacology
PREFIX/NO: NURS 1950
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
Course Objectives: At the completion of NURS 1950, the student will be able to:
1.
Describe how psychotropic agents are used to assist client’s wellness.
2.
Identify the analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents and relate how these drugs will assist the client to
function at an optimal level.
3.
Relate how the cardiotonics and coronary vasodilators assist clients who demonstrate a deficiency in the
activity exercise pattern.
4.
Describe how the antidysrhythmics and antihypertensive agents aid in the maintenance of health.
5.
Identify the respiratory agents and relate how these drugs assist the client in functioning at an
optimal level.
6.
Describe how antibiotics and other agents assist the client to obtain wellness.
7.
Describe how antineoplastics and antianemics may assist the client to attain wellness.
8.
Relate the effects and uses of drugs which influence the functions of the endocrine system.
9.
Relate how various drugs may be utilized to treat gastrointestinal disorders.
10.
Describe how anticoagulants assist in health maintenance.
11.
Describe how anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, antiparkinson’s agents, sedatives and hypnotics are
used to assist client’s wellness.
12.
Discuss the effects of drugs that affect the urinary system and how they are used for the maintenance of
wellness.
13.
Demonstrate the ability to accurately calculate drug dosages.
TOPICAL UNIT OUTLINE/UNIT OBJECTIVES:
UNIT I: Psychotropic Agents
Objectives: At the completion of this unit the student will be able to:
l.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Identify the major antianxiety agents.
Identify the major groups of drugs used to treat depression.
Describe the actions of the cyclic second generation and MAO inhibitors.
Specify the dietary implications appropriate for the client receiving a MAO inhibitor.
Discuss the uses for antimanic agents.
Identify the antipsychotics and describe their actions.
Identify the nursing process as it relates to clients who receive psychotropic medications.
Select functional health patterns that may be affected by psychotropic drugs.
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TOPICAL UNIT OUTLINE/UNIT OBJECTIVES: (Cont’d)
UNIT 2: Analgesics and Anti-inflammatory Agents
Objectives: At the completion of this unit the student will be able to:
1. Define: pain threshold and pain tolerance.
2. Identify the factors which affect the individual’s response to pain.
3. Describe those factors included in the assessment of pain.
4. Describe scheduled drugs.
5. Define analgesics.
6. Describe the actions of narcotic analgesics.
7. Compare the many effects of morphine sulfate and Demerol.
8. List other narcotic analgesics.
9. Describe the nursing implications associated with narcotic administration.
10. Describe the uses of salicylates.
11. Describe the nursing implications associated with salicylates.
12. Identify the signs of salicylate poisoning.
13. Identify the uses, advantages, and major disadvantages of acetaminophen.
14. List some non-narcotic analgesics.
15. Identify some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
16. Define gout and list drugs used to control acute gouty arthritis.
17. Identify the functional health pattern which relates to analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents.
18. Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients on analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs.
19. Demonstrate ability to calculate drug dosages.
UNIT 3: Cardiotonics and Coronary Vasodilators
Objectives: At the completion of this unit the student will be able to:
l. Describe the relationship of calcium to electrical activity of the heart.
2. Describe how the autonomic nervous system affects the heart rate.
3. Describe how cardiac drugs affect cardiac action.
4. Identify the action of the cardiac glycosides.
5. Relate how the effects of digitalis are beneficial to the client with CHF.
6. Describe the usefulness of digitalis in the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
7. List the generic and brand names of the digitalis preparations.
8. Define digitalization.
9. List symptoms of digitalis toxicity.
10. Identify the factors which predispose digitalis toxicity.
11. Describe the nursing responsibilities associated with administering digitalis preparations.
12. Describe the actions of the antianginal drugs.
13. Identify the drugs used to treat angina pectoris.
14. List the side effects of nitroglycerin.
15. Identify the nursing responsibilities associated with administering the nitroglycerin preparations.
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Unit 4: Antidysrhythmic and Antihypertensive Agents
Objectives: At the completion of this unit the student will be able to:
1. Define the term “ectopic site”.
2. Define the term “arrhythmia” or “dysrhythmia.”
3. Describe the actions of the antiarrhythmic drugs.
4. Identify the actions, results, and uses of major antiarrhythmics.
5. List the side effects of antiarrhythmics.
6. Describe the nursing implications associated with the antiarrhythmics.
7. Define “essential hypertension”.
8. List the factors which determine BP.
9. Identify diuretics used as antihypertensives.
10. Identify non-diuretic antihypertensives.
11. Explain the actions of the non-diuretic antihypertensives.
12. Explain the nursing care associated with the antihypertensives.
13. Identify the functional health pattern which relates to antiarrhythmics and antihypertensive
agents.
14. Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients receiving antiarrhythmics and antihypertensive drugs.
15. Demonstrate the ability to calculate drug dosages.Identify the beta-adrenergic blocker used to treat angina.
16.Identify the calcium channel blockers used to treat angina.
17.Identify the ace inhibitors used to treat angina.
18.Identify the functional health pattern which relates to cardiotonics and coronary vasodilators.
19.Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients receiving cardiotonics and coronary vasodilators.
20.Demonstrate ability to calculate drug dosages.
Unit 5: Respiratory Drugs
Objectives: At the completion of this unit, the student will be able to:
1. Describe how antihistamines exert their pharmacological effect.
2. List 5 side effects commonly caused by antihistamines.
3. Identify additional uses and contraindications for antihistamines.
4. List the antihistamines.
5. Describe the mechanism of action of the nasal decongestants.
6. List the nasal decongestants.
7. Describe nursing implications associated with the antihistamines and decongestants.
8. Identify drugs used as antitussives and expectorants.
9. Describe uses for antitussives and expectorants.
10. Describe nursing implications associated with antitussives and expectorants.
11. Describe the actions of bronchodilators.
12. Identify the sympathomimetic and xanthine bronchodilators.
13. Describe the use of mucolytics and identify them.
14. Apply the nursing process as it relates to client receiving respiratory drugs.
15. Demonstrate ability to calculate drug doses.
TOPICAL UNIT OUTLINE/UNIT OBJECTIVES: (Cont’d)
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UNIT 6: Antibiotics and Other Agents
Objectives: At the completion of this unit the student will be able to:
l. Identify the body’s natural defenses against infection.
2. Describe factors that increase the susceptibility of the body to infection.
3. Name the lab tests done to identify the invading pathogen.
4. Identify factors utilized to select an appropriate antibiotic.
5. Explain what resistance means, and the various types of resistance.
6. Define what narrow spectrum and broad spectrum mean.
7. Describe adverse reactions to antibiotics.
8. Discuss the penicillins and identify specific penicillin preparations.
9. Discuss various cephalosporin preparations.
10. Discuss tetracycline, including the nursing implications.
11. Describe the uses, side effects and nursing implications of the various aminoglycosides.
12. Discuss uses of the quinolones and macrolides.
13. Describe some miscellaneous antibiotics.
14. Discuss patient education on antibiotics.
15. List the antitubercular drugs and their uses.
16. Identify the antifungal agents and their uses.
17. List antiviral drugs and their uses.
18. Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients receiving antibiotics, antitubercular, antifungal and antiviral
drugs.
19. Demonstrate the ability to calculate drug dosages.
Unit 7: Antineoplastics and Antianemics
Objectives: At the completion of the unit the student will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
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Describe the general factors utilized to select the therapy used to treat cancer.
Describe the general uses of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer.
Identify the basic types of antineoplastic drugs.
Identify the 2 factors that play a major role in the response of the cancer cell to the antineoplastic drug.
Describe what “tumor resistance” means.
Specify which normal cells are frequently affected by antineoplastic therapy; and signs and symptoms that
result most frequently.
7. Discuss the nursing care for the client receiving antineoplastic therapy.
8. Describe the types of anemia.
9. Identify drugs used to treat iron deficiency anemia.
10. Describe the nursing responsibilities associated with administering iron preparations.
11. Describe pernicious anemia and identify the drug used to treat it.
12. Apply the nursing process when caring for the client receiving antineoplastic and antianemic agents.
13. Select functional health patterns that may be affected by antineoplastic and antianemic agents.
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TOPICAL UNIT OUTLINE/UNIT OBJECTIVES: (Cont’d)
Unit 8: Drugs That Affect the Endocrine System
Objectives: At the completion of the unit the student will be able to:
1. Define the term hormone.
2. List the endocrine glands.
3. Identify the hormones that are secreted by the anterior pituitary and describe their main functions in the
body.
4. Identify the hormones that are released by the posterior pituitary and describe their main functions in the
body.
5. Identify the two main thyroid hormones.
6. Describe how the body synthesizes the thyroid hormones.
7. Identify the actions of drugs used to treat hyperthyroidism.
8. List the anti-thyroid agents used to treat hyperthyroidism.
9. Identify the hypothyroid conditions.
10. List the thyroid agents.
11. Apply the nursing process associated with administering thyroid or anti-thyroid preparations.
12. Name the parts of the adrenal gland.
13. List the types of hormones secreted by the adrenal glands.
14. Describe the metabolic effects of the glucocorticoids, and the consequences of these effects.
15. Describe how glucocorticoids suppress inflammation.
16. Identify therapeutic uses of the glucocorticoids.
17. List the glucocorticoid preparations.
18. Describe nursing care responsibilities associated with administering glucocorticoids.
19. Identify the functions of insulin in the body.
20. Define diabetes mellitus.
21. Identify the site of insulin production in the body.
22. List the types of diabetes.
23. Explain the functions of insulin.
24. Identify the onset, the peak, and the duration of action for rapid, intermediate, long acting, and fixed
combination insulin.
25. Describe the local tissue responses that can occur with repeated insulin injections.
26. List the symptoms of insulin shock.
27. Discuss glucose elevating drugs.
28. Describe what is meant by sliding scale insulin administration.
29. Describe the action of the oral antidiabetic agents.
30. Identify the conditions under which an oral antidiabetic agent would be used.
31. List the oral antidiabetic agents.
32. Describe the nursing interventions associated with teaching the diabetic about the treatment.
33. Apply the nursing process as it relates to the client receiving antidiabetic agents.
34. List the therapeutic uses of estrogen and progesterone.
35. Name the estrogen preparations.
36. Name the progesterone preparations.
37. Identify the most commonly used ovulatory agents.
38. Describe the actions of the oral contraceptives.
39. Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients receiving female hormones.
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TOPICAL UNIT OUTLINE/UNIT OBJECTIVES: (Cont’d)
40. Select functional health patterns that may be affected by endocrine drugs.
41. Demonstrate ability to calculate drug dosages.
UNIT 9: Gastrointestinal Drugs
Objective: At the completion of the unit the student should be able to:
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List the components of gastric juice that contribute to the pain associated with peptic ulcers.
Describe the physiology of gastric secretions.
List drugs considered to be ulcerogenic.
Explain the actions of the antiulcer drugs.
Describe the pain reducing effects of antacids.
Identify the features of an ideal antacid.
Differentiate between the various antacids.
Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients receiving antacid therapy.
State the mechanism of action of anticholinergic and antispasmodic agents.
Identify appropriate nursing actions relative to caring for clients receiving antispasmodic drugs.
Describe the effects and uses of the H2 receptor antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors.
Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients taking the H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump
inhibitors.
Identify causes of constipation.
Explain the uses of laxatives and cathartics.
Identify features of an ideal laxative and cathartic.
Describe the actions of the types of laxative.
Identify laxatives according to type.
Apply the nursing process as it relates to the client receiving laxatives.
Identify causes of diarrhea.
Describe the uses of the antidiarrheal agents.
Identify the antidiarrheal agents.
Apply the nursing process as it relates to the client receiving antidiarrheal agents.
Discuss the pathophysiology of nausea and vomiting.
Identify antiemetic drugs and their classification.
Identify the mechanisms of action, indications for use and desired effects of antiemetic drugs.
Explain the use of emetics.
Apply the nursing process related to the administration of emetics/antiemetics.
Select the functional health pattern that may be affected by the gastrointestinal drugs.
Demonstrate the ability to calculate drug dosages.
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TOPICAL UNIT OUTLINE/UNIT OBJECTIVES: (Cont’d)
UNIT 10: Anticoagulants
Objective: At the completion of the unit the student should be able to:
1. Identify general reasons anticoagulants are given.
2. Identify the cells in the body that release heparin.
3. Describe the actions of heparin.
4. List the appropriate routes to administer heparin.
5. Identify the antidote for heparin.
6. Name the lab tests that are the basis to determine the effectiveness and dosage of heparin.
7. Describe the important points regarding subcutaneous administration of heparin.
8. List the signs of heparin overdose.
9. Identify drugs that enhance the action of heparin.
10. Describe the action of Coumadin.
11. Name the lab tests done to determine the effectiveness and dosage of Coumadin.
12. Identify drugs that increase and decrease the effectiveness of Coumadin.
13. Discuss other select anticoagulant agents.
14. Discuss the indications for antiplatelet drugs.
15. Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients receiving an anticoagulant, including specific safety
considerations.
16. Select functional health patterns that may be affected by anticoagulants.
17. Demonstrate the ability to calculate drug dosages.
UNIT 11: Drugs That Effect the Central Nervous System
Objective: At the completion of this unit the student should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Describe the general cause of seizures and the two major clinical findings associated with seizures.
List factors that may precipitate seizures.
Name and describe the major types of epileptic seizures.
List the anticonvulsants.
Name the drug of choice for the treatment of status epilepticus.
List the observations that should be made by the nurse during a seizure.
Describe the patient education you, as the nurse, should include when teaching the client about epilepsy and
its treatment.
8. Describe the common symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.
9. Describe the role of dopamine in the body.
10. Name the preparations used to treat Parkinson’s disease.
11. Describe the role of the anticholinergic drugs in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
12. Apply the nursing process as it relates to the care of the client with Parkinson’s disease and the
accompanying drug therapy.
13. Define the terms sedative and hypnotic.
14. Describe the actions, uses, and side effects of the barbiturates.
15. Identify the commonly used barbiturates and benzodiazepines.
16. Name the conditions that may cause muscle spasticity.
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17. Describe the goals of drug therapy in the treatment of muscle spasticity.
18. Name the musculoskeletal relaxants.
19. Demonstrate ability to calculate drug dosages.
UNIT 12: Drugs That Affect the Urinary System
Objective: At the end of the unit the student should be able to:
1. List two (2) major physiological functions of the kidneys.
2. List the four (4) processes carried out by the nephron.
3. Name the part of the nephron responsible for each of the processes.
4. Name the pituitary hormone that influences the urine volume.
5. Name the adrenocortical hormone that influences the urine volume.
6. List the four (4) ways in which fluid is normally lost from the body.
7. Describe the actions of diuretics.
8. Describe the uses, actions, and adverse effects of the thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics.
9. List the thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics.
10. Describe the uses, actions and adverse effects of Lasix and other loop diuretics.
11. List the electrolyte imbalance that most commonly occurs as a result of diuretic therapy.
12. Describe the uses, and action of the potassium sparing diuretics.
13. Explain how increased fluid intake enhances the action of diuretics.
14. List good dietary sources of potassium.
15. Apply the nursing process as it relates to clients receiving diuretic therapy.
16. Identify the drugs used to treat urinary tract infections.
17. Identify the drugs used as urinary stimulants and antispasmodics.
18. Discuss patient education guidelines for drugs that affect the urinary system.
19. Select functional health patterns that may be affected by diuretics.
20. Demonstrate ability to calculate drug dosages.
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COURSE OUTLINE FORM
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COURSE REQUIREMENTS/EVALUATION:
COURSE OBJECTIVES/ASSESSMENT MEASURES
COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. Describe how psychotropic agents are used to assist
client’s wellness.
2. Identify the analgesics and anti-inflammatory
agents and relate how these drugs will assist the client
to function at an optimal level.
3. Relate how the cardiotonics and coronary
vasodilators assist clients who demonstrate a
deficiency in the activity exercise pattern.
4. Describe how the antidysrhythmics and
antihypertensive agents aid in the maintenance of
health.
5. Identify the respiratory agents and relate how these
drugs assist the client in functioning at an optimal
level.
6. Describe how antibiotics and other agents assist the
client to obtain wellness.
7. Describe how antineoplastics and antianemics may
assist the client to attain wellness.
8. Relate the effects and uses of drugs which
influence the functions of the endocrine system.
9. Relate how various drugs may be utilized to treat
gastrointestinal disorders.
10. Describe how anticoagulants assist in health
maintenance.
11. Describe how anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants,
antiparkinson’s agents, sedatives and hypnotics are
used to assist client’s wellness.
12. Discuss the effects of drugs that affect the urinary
system and how they are used for the maintenance of
wellness.
13. Demonstrate the ability to accurately calculate
dosages.
Final Examination
ASSESSMENT MEASURES
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Exams I – XII
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1.
TYPES OF ASSESSMENT/ASSIGNMENTS:
The theory portion of the course will be evaluated through the use of periodic written unit exams and a comprehensive final
examination.
2.
GRADING POLICY:
The unit exams will be averaged together, and will constitute 75% of the course grade. The final exam will constitute 20% of
the course grade. My nursing lab assignments will constitute 5%. The grading scale is: A = 93-100, B = 84-92, and C = 78-83, D =
70-77, below 70 = F. A final course grade of C (78%) is required to continue in the program.
MAKE-UP TEST PROCEDURES:
If a student takes an exam outside of the scheduled time for the exam, the exam will be considered a make up exam. The exam must
be made up prior to the class meeting date the following week. Failure to do so will result in a zero for that exam. A student may
miss one exam without penalty, as long as the exam is made up. If the student misses more than one exam, the exam may be made up
but the maximum score allowed is 80%. Any further exams in the testing center are a maximum of 50%. The student will report to
the Testing Center at South Campus, Connector Building, Room 102 for make-up exams. The student may be required to show proof
of identification before receiving the make up exam. The instructor may change the format of the make up exams. All unit exams
must be completed prior to the final exam.
LATE ASSIGNMENTS:
All assignments must be turned in at the scheduled time. No credit will be given for late assignments.
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