Download Chapter 12 DNA Vocabulary Practice Quiz

Chapter 12 DNA Vocabulary Practice Quiz
16. Guanine
17. Frame shift Mutation
18. DNA
19. mRNA:
20. Cytosine:
21. Cytoplasm ( Use Twice)
22. Example Condon Mutation
23. Condon Mutation
24. Codon
25. Chromosomal Mutation of Translocation:
26. Example, Chromosomal Mutation Translocation:
1. Uracil:
27. Example, Chromosomal Mutation of Inversion
2. UAU
28. Example, Chromosomal Mutation of Deletion
3. tRNA:
29. Example, Chromosomal Mutation of Duplication
4. Translation:
30. Chromosomal Mutation Inversion
5. Transcription
31. Chromosomal Mutation Duplication
6. Thymine:
32. Chromosomal Mutation Deletion
7. rRNA:
33. Chromosomal Mutation
8. Point Mutation Substitution
34. Chromatin:
9. Example, Point Mutation Insertion
35. CGA (ONLY USE ONCE!)
10. Point Mutation Insertion
36. Base Pairs:
11. Example, Point Mutation Deletion
37. ATA (ONLY USE ONCE!)
12. Point Mutation Deletion
38. Amino Acids
13. Point Mutation
39. Adenine
14. Nucleus
15. Histones:
40. Purines
35____28________Normal= ABC- DEFGHI

AB-EFGHI
36_____29_______Normal = ABC-DEFGHI

ABBC-DEFGHI
37______27______Normal =

CBA-DEFGHI
ABC-DEFGH
38 26____________Normal =

ABC-DEFGH
LMN-OPQRS
39 11___________Normal = CGC/AGA/GGT
40 40________ Adenine and Guaunine


ABC-OPQRS
LMN- DEFGHI
CCA/GAG/GT
1. ____33___Change in the number or structure of a chromosome
2. ___32____Part of a chromosome is completely deleted from the chromosome
3. __9_____Normal = /ATA/GGC  GAT/AGG/C
4. __13_____Mutation that affects a single nucleotide, usually by substituting one nucleotide for another
5. _12______One nitrogen base is deleted from the DNA sequence causing a frame shift for all following codons.
6. __14_____Where does transcription take place?
7. ___16____Nitrogen base that only pairs with Cytosine
8. __24_____Three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
9. __37_____codon in DNA:
10. __5_____Process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in
RNA
11. __4_____Decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
12. _38______Compound with an amino acid group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end
13. _23______One codon is inserted or deleted into DNA sequence, but all other codons are the same.
14. __17_____Insertion or deletion of a single nitrogen base, which shifts all other codons.
15. ___8____One nitrogen base is substituted for another, such as “A” for a “T”
16. ___10____One nitrogen base is inserted into the DNA sequence causing a frame shift for all following codons.
17. ____2___mRNA codon
18. _6______Nitrogen Base that only pairs with Adenine
19. __22_____Normal = /ATA/GGC/  /ATA/CCC/GGC
20. ____31___Part of the chromosome is duplicated, adding to the chromosome
21. __30_____When part of the chromosome becomes disoriented in the chromosomal order
22. __39_____Nitrogen base that only pairs with Thymine
23. __21_____Part of the cell where transcription takes place
24. __20_____Nitrogen base that only pairs with Guanine
25. _3_____Type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
Chromosome
26. ___1___Nitrogen base found only in RNA that only pairs with Adenine
27. _15____proteins that have DNA wrapped around them, so chromosomes can form.
28. _25____When two non homologous chromosomes swap parts
29. ____21___Part of the cell where Protein synthesis takes place
30. __34_____DNA and histone proteins tightly wound together
31. __36_____Principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and
cytosine
32. __35_____codes for Arginine
33. __18_____Nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
34. __19_____RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from
DNA to the rest of the cell.
35. __7_____Type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes
Chapter 12 DNA Vocabulary for Quiz
Chromatin: DNA and histone proteins tightly wound together
Base Pairs: Principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine
and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
DNA: Nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
mRNA: RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the
assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell.
rRNA: Type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes
tRNA: Type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
Adenine: Nitrogen base that only pairs with Thymine
Guanine: Nitrogen base that only pairs with Cytosine
Cytosine: Nitrogen base that only pairs with Guanine
Thymine: Nitrogen Base that only pairs with Adenine
Uracil: Nitrogen base found only in RNA that only pairs with Adenine
Histones: proteins that have DNA wrapped around them, so chromosomes can form.
Transcription: Process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in
RNA
Translation: Decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
Amino Acids: Compound with an amino acid group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end
Where does protein synthesis take place? (cytoplasm)
Where does transcription take place? (nucleus)
Codon: Three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
ATA, codon in DNA:
Chromosome
UAU, mRNA codon
UAU codes for Tyrosine
CGA codes for Arginine
Point Mutation: Mutation that affects a single nucleotide, usually by substituting one nucleotide for another
Frame shift Mutation: Insertion or deletion of a single nitrogen base, which shifts all other codons.
Point Mutation Substitution: one nitrogen base is substituted for another, such as “A” for a “T”
Point Mutation Insertion: one nitrogen base is inserted into the DNA sequence causing a frame shift for all following
codons.
Point Mutation Insertion Example: normal = /ATA/GGC  GAT/AGG/C
Point Mutation Deletion: one nitrogen base is deleted from the DNA sequence causing a frame shift for all following
codons.
Point Mutation Deletion Example:
normal = /ATA/GGC/  AAG/GC
Condon Mutation: One codon is inserted or deleted into DNA sequence, but all other codons maintained.
Condon Mutation Example: normal = /ATA/GGC/  /ATA/CCC/GGC
Chromosomal Mutation: change in the number or structure of a chromosome
Chromosomal Mutation Deletion: Part of a chromosome is completely deleted from the chromosome

Chromosomal Mutation of Deletion Example: normal= ABC. DEFGHI
AB
DEFGHI
Chromosomal Mutation Duplication: Part of the chromosome is duplicated, adding to the chromosome
Chromosomal Mutation of Duplication Example normal = ABC. DEFGHI

ABBC
DEFGHI
Chromosomal Mutation Inversion: When part of the chromosome becomes disoriented in the chromosomal order
Chromosomal Mutation of Inversion Example normal =

ABC. DEFGH
CBA. DEFGHI
Chromosomal Mutation of Translocation: When two non homologous chromosomes swap parts
Chromosomal Mutation of Translocation Example: normal =
ABC. DEFGH
LMN. OPQRS
Key
 LMN.
 ABC. OPQRS
DEFGHI