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Biology Section 11.4 RNA/Protein Synthesis (p. 235-237) Name ________________________ Big Question: How is DNA able to store genetic information, copy it, and pass it from generation to generation? Students will be able to: a) Trace the information flow from DNA to protein. b) Describe how amino acids are coded. 1. Describe an organism’s genotype in terms of DNA. ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. Describe an organism’s phenotype in terms of proteins. ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. Who were the scientists that studied orange bread mold? When? _________________________ _________________________ __________ 4. What was different about the growth of the mutant strains of the orange bread mold? ___________________________________________________________ 5. What was the mutant stains lacking? _________________________ 6. Where were the mutant strains defective? ________________________ 7. What does the “one gene-one enzyme” state? ___________________________________________________________________________ 8. What is the name of the newer version of the research from #7? ________________________ 9. How is the language of genes written? ____________________________________________ 10. If bases are the letters, then each gene is a _________________________. 11. What is the full molecular name for RNA? _______________________________________ 12. What is the sugar in RNA? _________________________ What is the sugar in DNA? _________________________ 13. Which nitrogenous base does RNA contain that DNA does not? ______________________ 14. Which nitrogenous base does DNA contain that RNA does not? ______________________ 15. Which nitrogenous base does the answer from #13 pair with? ________________________ 16. What shape does RNA typically form? _________________________ 17. What is the name of the first step of the DNA to RNA conversion? ____________________ 18. Does this first step of the conversion take place inside or outside of the nucleus? _________ 19. Where does the transcribed message go? _________________________ 20. What is going to be made in the cytoplasm? _________________________ 21. Where does the DNA remain? _________________________ 22. What is the name of the second step that converts nucleic acid language to amino acid language? _________________________ 23. The flow of information from gene to protein is based on what? _______________________ 24. How many nitrogenous bases make up a codon? __________ 25. What does a codon code for? _________________________ 26. Several codons make what? _________________________ 27. Which amino acid does the codon UUU code for? _________________________ 28. How many different triplet codes can be made with U, C, A, G? __________ 29. How many triplets code for amino acids? __________ 30. Examining Figure 11-13, how many different amino acids can be created? __________ 31. How many codons do not code for amino acids? ________ What do they signal? _________ 32. Which amino acid does the codon AUG code for? _________________________ What does it signal? _________________________ 33. Can genes be transcribed and translated between species? ________________________ Concept Check 11.4 (p. 237) 2. Which molecule completes the flow of information from DNA to protein? 3. Which amino acid is coded for by the RNA sequence CUA? 4. List two ways RNA is different from DNA.