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Transcript 
Surgical anatomy of the
maxillary and
mandibular nerves
Dr. Katalin Csurgay
Maxillary nerve
IV. pars
facialis
III. pars infraorbitalis
II. pars
pterygopalatina
I. pars
cranialis
Branch in the cranium
the middle meningeal
-given off at origin from the trigeminale
ganglion
-supplies the dura mater
Branches in the pterygopalatine
fossa
1.orbital
2.zygomatic nerve
3.pterygopalatine branches
-nasal (nasopalatine)
-palatine nerves (greater palatine, lesser
palatine)
-pharyngeal
4.superior alveolar nerves(posterior)
zygomatic n.
pterygopalatine n.
orbitale
nasopalatine n.
pterygopalatine
canal
post.
incisive n.
ant.palatine n.
middle
The palatine nerves
They are three in number: anterior,middle
and posterior
-anterior palatine nerve- emerges upon the
hard palate through the greater palatine
foramen and passes forward in a groove in
the hard palate
-gums, mucous membrane, glands
post.sup.alv.nerve
pterygopalatine
canal
post.
middle
ant.palatine n.
Branches in the infraorbital
canal
-middle superior alveolar nerve
-anterior superior alveolar nerve
Branches on the face
- inferior palpebral branches
- external nasal branches
- superior labial branches
Connections of the pterygopalatine
fossa
1. foramen rotundum
2. foramen
sphenopalatine
3. inf.orbital fissure
4. pterygomaxillare
fissure
5. pterygoid canal Vidii
6. pterygopalatine
canal
Innervation of the hard palate
Innervation of the hard palate
Mandibular nerve
Mandibular nerve-branches 1.
• anterior division (seu motoria)
– masseteric nerve
– deep temporal nerves
– lateral and medial pterygoid nerve
– tensor veli palatini nerve
– tensor tympani nerve
– buccal nerve (sensory nerve!)
Mandibular nerve –branches 2.
• posterior division (seu sensitiva)
– meningeal branch
– auriculotemporal nerve
•
•
•
•
•
r. meatus acustici externi
rr. parotidei
rr. articulationis
rr. auriculares anteriores
rr. temporales superficiales
– lingual nerve (a sensory nerve)
•
•
•
•
rr. palatini
rr. communicantes c. nervo hypoglosso
n. sublingualis
rr. linguales
– inferior alveolar nerve (a motor nerve and a sensory nerve)
• n. mylohyoideus (motor)
• rr. dentales
• n. mentalis
Pterygomandibulare space sagittal
Mental nerve innervation area
• buccal mucosa from midline to the 2nd
premolar
• skin and the mucous membrane of the
lower lip
• skin of the chin
SAGITTAL
Pterygomandibulare space horizontal section
ramus of the mandible
medial pterygoid muscle
parotid gland
HORIZONTAL section
inferior alveolar nerve
lingual nerve
Pterygomandibulare space –frontal
section
lateral pterygoid muscle
medial pterygoid muscle
inferior alveolar nerve
lingual nerve
buccal nerve
FRONTAL section
Spatial data of the mandible
• width of the mandible: 22-56 mm
(not Gauss distribution)
• the angle of the mandible ramus in sagittal
plane:0-44 degree (not according the
Gauss distribution)
0°α44°
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