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Download Overview of the Earth System Observations of Current Climate
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Climate 101: How the Climate Works OSHR 1609 Scott Denning, CSU Climate 101: How the Climate Works OSHR 1609 Scott Denning, CSU Climate 101: How the Climate Works OSHR 1609 Scott Denning, CSU Introductions Course Outline Climate 101 • 9/20 Introduction: The Earth System • 9/27 Energy, Radiation, and Temperature • 10/4 Winds, Currents, and Water • 10/11 Climates of the Past • 10/18 Modern Climate Change Course Outline Climate 201 • 1) Climate Change in a Nutshell • 2) Forcing, Feedback, & Sensitivity • 3) Future Climate Changes • 4) Vulnerabilities & Impacts • 5) Adaptation & Mitigation Optional Books • Excellent but Expensive! • Archer’s book especially useful for Climate 201 (Modern Climate Change) • Available on Amazon for $58, Reader’s Cove in Fort Collins and Anthology Book Co. in Loveland offer 20% discounts to Osher members. Class Web Site http://climate101.atmos.colostat e.edu • All slides as printable handouts • Supplemental readings • Videos • Links to more resources Weather vs Climate What’s the Difference? Weather vs Climate what’s the difference? • If you don’t like the weather: – Wait five minutes! • If you don’t like the climate: – Move! Ever Wonder Why? • Day is warmer than night • Summer is warmer than winter • Phoenix is warmer than Fargo Climate is Place Location! Location! Location! • Depends on where you live: – Latitude! – Altitude (mountains vs valley) – What’s upwind (ocean vs land) • Changes very slowly • Very predictable PHOENIX • We can predict that Phoenix is warmer than Fargo for precisely the same reasons that we can predict a warmer future! Heat Budgets Climate vs. Weather “Climate is what you expect … weather is what you get!” • Climate is an “envelope of possibilities” within which the weather bounces around • Climate is determined by the properties of the Earth system itself (the boundary conditions), whereas weather depends very sensitively on the evolution of the system from one moment to the next How’s the Weather? Alert, Nunavut, Canada -19° C dawn in the south at noon the diffuse blue light of Arctic winter unseasonably warm ~ 0° F 83 N 68 N Kiruna, Sweden -24° C Long shadows at mid-day Squeaky dry snow crunches under boots bad air quality under a strong inversion in the valley Fairbanks, AK -40° F made worse because people leave their trucks running 65 N Moscow, Russia 56 N Budapest, Hungary 0 C 47 N Corvallis, OR 48° F rain 45 N New York, NY 60° F sun 41 N Arapaho Basin, CO 11° F 40 N Ski lift 13,000 feet above sea level 37 N Algiers, Algeria 15° C San Diego, CA 75° F 33 N Everest Base Camp Tibet, China 28 N 5 km above sea level U of HI Honolulu, HI 78° F 21 N Hazy sun and “vog” (volcanically-induced fog) Bamako, Mali 37° C very dry 13 N Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands 82° F 9N “heart of the dry season, trade winds are king … hold onto your hat!” Fortaleza, Brazil 4S Tamborine, Queensland, Australia Heavy thunderstorms 28 S 38 S Hamilton, NZ Warm summer morning Rosetta, Tasmania, Australia 19 C 43 S 66 S Casey Station Antarctica 2° C light snow McMurdo Sound Antarctica Open water first time in decades! 78 S South Pole 90 S 90 S South Pole -44 sunny with light breeze
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