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DNA/RNA Anticipation Guide 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. DNA is a single-stranded molecule. RNA is a single-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick discovered the structure of a DNA molecule. The shape of a DNA molecule is known as a single helix. The four base pairs found on DNA are: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine. 6. The four base pairs found on RNA are: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine. 7. Adenine always pairs with Thymine 8. Guanine always pairs with Adenine 9. The sides of a DNA molecule consists of a sugar nitrate. 10. The “rungs” of the DNA ladder are nitrogen bases 11. DNA contains the codes for making minerals and vitamins. 12. There are three types of RNA. 13. Genes are specific regions on RNA responsible for producing proteins. 14. Mutations within species occur often when damage occurs on DNA molecules. 15. Ribosomal RNA is responsible for producing new cells. 16. Messenger DNA carries the codes for making lipids outside of the nucleus. 17. Messenger RNA carries the codes for making proteins outside of the nucleus. 18. Amino acids are the key ingredients of proteins. 19. Lipids are the key ingredients of DNA molecules. 20. Transfer RNA “transfers” amino acids.