Download 7.P.2A.2 GT Notes

Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 2 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
7.P.2.A.2 All substances are composed of one or more elements. Elements are pure
substances which contain only one kind of atom. The periodic table organizes these
elements based on similar properties. Compounds are substances composed of two or
more elements. Chemical formulas can be used to describe compounds.
Periodic Table
1. What is the periodic table? Chart used to organize all of the elements according to their
properties
2. What are the components of the periodic table? A square for each element with the name,
chemical/element symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
3. Give an example.
Chemical/Element Symbols
4. Each element has a different symbol.
5. Symbols are written with one, two, or three letters.
6. How is the first letter of the element symbol always written? The first letter is always capitalized
7. Complete the following chart of element names and symbols.
Element Name
Symbol
Element Name
Symbol
Hydrogen
H
Silicone
Si
Carbon
C
Copper
Cu
Nitrogen
N
Aluminum
Al
Oxygen
O
Silver
Ag
Chlorine
Cl
Gold
Au
Magnesium
Mg
Iron
Fe
Zinc
Zn
Helium
He
Calcium
Ca
Potassium
K
Phosphorus
P
Sodium
Na
Iodine
I
Fluorine
F
Atomic Number
8. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons.
9. The atomic number is a whole number.
10. The atomic number is always the same for a given element.
11. The elements on the periodic table are arranged numerically by increasing atomic number.
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 2 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
Atomic Mass
12. True or False. The atomic mass is an average sum of the number of the protons and the number
of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
13. Since the atomic mass of an element is an average, it is usually not a whole number.
Periods
14. A horizontal row on the periodic table is called a period.
Families
15. Families, also called groups, are vertical columns of elements on the periodic table.
16. They are numbered 1-18.
17. Elements in the same family have similar properties.
18. Give an example. Group 18 - Noble Gases; outer shell maxed out; do not readily form
compounds (react); stable
Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
Metalloids
19. There is a zigzag line on the right side of the periodic table that separates the metals from the
nonmetals. Metalloids are found along this zigzag line.
20. Elements identified as metalloids have properties (characteristics) of both metals and
nonmetals.
Metals
21. Metals are generally located on the left side of the zigzag line.
22. Examples of metals are: Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), and Aluminum (Al).
23. The majority of elements are metals.
Nonmetals
24. Nonmetals, with the exception of Hydrogen (H), are located on the right side of the zigzag line
on the periodic table.
25. Examples of nonmetals are: Chlorine (Cl), Oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), and Iodine (I).
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 2 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
26. What are valence electrons? Electrons in the outer shell of an atom; determines the
number of bonds an atom will form
27. What are isotopes? Isotopes are atoms that are missing a neutron or have an extra
neutron. They are still the same element they are just a little different.
28. Give an example of an isotope. Carbon-14 is an isotope of Carbon that has 8 neutrons (2
extra).
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 2 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
7.P.2.A.2 All substances are composed of one or more elements. Elements are pure
substances which contain only one kind of atom. The periodic table organizes these
elements based on similar properties. Compounds are substances composed of two or
more elements. Chemical formulas can be used to describe compounds.
Periodic Table
1. What is the periodic table?
2. What are the components of the periodic table?
3. Give an example.
Chemical/Element Symbols
4. Each element has a different __________________________.
5. Symbols are written with ______________, ______________, or _____________letters.
6. How is the first letter of the element symbol always written?
7. Complete the following chart of element names and symbols.
Element Name
Symbol
Element Name
Symbol
Hydrogen
H
Si
Carbon
C
Copper
N
Aluminum
Al
Oxygen
O
Silver
Chlorine
Cl
Gold
Magnesium
Iron
Zinc
Zn
He
Ca
Potassium
Phosphorus
P
Sodium
Na
I
Fluorine
Atomic Number
8. The atomic number of an element is _____________to the number of _________________.
9. The atomic number is a __________________________number.
10. The atomic number is _______________the _____________________for a given element.
11. The elements on the periodic table are arranged _____________by _____________atomic
number.
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 2 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
Atomic Mass
12. True or False. The atomic mass is an average sum of the number of the protons and the number of
neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
13. Since the atomic mass of an element is an average, it is usually ____________________a
whole number.
Periods
14. A _________________row on the periodic table is called a ____________________.
Families
15. Families, also called ____________________, are ____________________columns of
elements on the periodic table.
16. They are numbered ____________________.
17. Elements in the ____________________family have ____________________properties.
18. Give an example.
Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
Metalloids
19. There is a ____________________line on the ____________________side of the periodic
table that separates the ____________________from the ____________________.
____________________are found along this zigzag line.
20. Elements identified as metalloids have properties (characteristics) of
____________________metals and nonmetals.
Metals
21. Metals are generally located on the ____________________side of the zigzag line.
22. Examples of metals are: ____________________ (Na), ____________________ (Ca),
____________________ (Fe), and ____________________ (Al).
23. The majority of elements are ____________________.
Nonmetals
24. Nonmetals, with the exception of ____________________ (H), are located on the
____________________side of the zigzag line on the periodic table.
25. Examples of nonmetals are: ____________________ (Cl), ____________________ (O),
____________________ (S), and ____________________ (I).
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 2 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
26. What are valence electrons?
27. What are isotopes?
28. Give an example of an isotope.