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Salah
2nd pillar of Islam
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Meaning and importance of
Salah
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SdgqRi
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Key terms
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Salah
Adhan
Muezzin
Iqama
Wudu
Niyyah
Imam
Juma prayer
Qiblah–Ka’bah
Masjid
Mihrab
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Fajr
Zohr
Asr
Maghrib
Isha
Khutbah
Rakah
Dua
Fatiha
Eid prayer
Janazah paryer
Tarawih prayer
Muslims believe that God
created human beings to
worship him, so the 2nd
pillar of Islam is prayer.
Muslims must pray 5 times a
day.
Salah- evidence
• ‘Set up Regular Prayers; for such prayers are enjoined on believers
at stated times’. (Qur’an: s4 v103)
• One of the pillars which shows clearly relationship between Qur’an
and Sunna. The Qur’an says that you must pray at fixed times;
• ‘Establish regular prayers - at the sun's decline till the darkness of
the night, and the morning prayer and reading: for the prayer and
reading in the morning carry their testimony. And pray in the small
watches of the morning: (it would be) an additional prayer.’
(Qur’an: s17 v78)
• The ritual prayer is based on a mixture of what Qur’an says and how
Prophet Muhammad actually carried out the ritual.
• ‘Salah is the pillar of the Islamic religion and whenever abandons it,
demolishes the very pillar of religion.’ (hadith)
• Muslim scholars regarded Salah as the most important of practical
pillars, ‘The prayers and all other prescribed forms of worship for that
matte, serve to distinguish those who really have faith and wish
sincerely to serve God from those who are content with lip-service.’
(Mustafa Ahmed al’Zarqa)
Note down the key information
The Prayer Ritual
1. Times for the 5 daily prayers are:
• Fajr (between dawn and sunrise)
• Zohr (After mid-day until afternoon)
• Asr (Between late afternoon and sunset)
• Maghrib (Evening prayer is when the sun sets.
• Isha (Between sunset and dawn)
All mosques have a board with six clocks showing times of
prayers including Juma (Friday) prayer.
Zohr
Asr
Maghrib
Fajr
Isha
Which one of these do you think is the most/least convenient? Give
reasons.
Do you know times for the prayers?
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Between dawn and sunrise Fajr
After mid-day until afternoon
Zohr
Between late afternoon and sunset
Asr
Evening prayer is when the sun sets. Maghrib
Between sunset and dawn
Isha
Weekly prayer
Juma prayer- Friday
Displayed in every mosque a board with six clocks
On whiteboard
2. Adhan:
The time of congregational prayer is announced by a
Muezzin who calls out adhan;
Allah is the Greatest- (4 times)
I bear witness that there is no god but God- (twice)
I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God(twice)
Rush to prayer-(twice)
Rush to success-(twice) + For Fajr prayer ‘Salah is better
than sleep’- (twice)
Allah is the Greatest-(twice)
There is no god but God- (once)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUHD
YlJHaOQ
• The prayers involve a series of standing up, bowing and
prostrating.
• Men should pray at mosques whenever possible.
• Ladies do not have to go to mosques – they are encouraged pray in
their
• Once a Muslim reaches 10 years of age – they must start to pray.
3. Prayer is the most sacred moment of life when a Muslim
comes into direct contact with God. So a Muslim must
perform Wudu (washing hands, arms, face, feet, nostrils,
ears) in order to pray their Salah, otherwise it will not be
accepted by God.
4. A Muslim preferably should go to mosque for
congregational prayer, ‘Bow down your heads with those
who bow down in worship.’ (s2 v43) but prayer can be
performed anywhere on a clean surface.
5. All Muslims face the Ka’bah
in Makkah when they pray.
They use a compass on it
showing the direction of
Makkah.(South East from UK)
There is a mihrab (niche) in
every mosque showing the
direction of K’abah.
6. Iqama; (the call to prayer
just before beginning) it is
same as adhan except ‘The
salah has begun’. Imam leads
the prayer.
7. The main features of prayer:
-Niyyah (intention)
-Standing raising hands to ears and folded, reciting
surah 1
-Bow down on knees glorify Allah
-Prostrate on the floor and touch forehead on ground
and glorify Allah
-Sitting to recite specific prayers and turning face right
and left by saying ‘peace be upon you’
Juma Prayer
• Sura 62:10: ’O ye who believe! When the call is proclaimed to prayer
on Friday (the Day of Assembly), hasten earnestly to the Remembrance of
Allah, and leave off business (and traffic): That is best for you if ye but
knew! And when the Prayer is finished, then may ye disperse through the
land, and seek of the Bounty of Allah. and celebrate the Praises of Allah
often (and without stint): that ye may prosper.
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Big congregational weekly prayer replaces Zuhr
In cities
At least 40 adults
Imam delivers sermon on various teachings of Islam
In a Muslim state Head of state should lead
No official day of rest
Men and women both can prayer by separate arrangements
Other prayers
• Janaza-funeral
• Eid- annually two festivals, 1. after Ramadhan
and 2. after Hajj
• Tarawih- Night prayer in Ramadhan
• Suplications- Duas to ask for help/forgiveness
Image of God through prayers
1. God is holy and exalted
2. God is the ‘All-Powerful’; bow down/prostrate to show
submission-repeated in Salah ”Allah is the Greatest”
3. The Real Guide to Muslims – 20 times repeated ‘I seek
refuge in Allah from the rejected Satan’
4. Allah is only one- 15 times in Adhan, and repeated many
times in Salah
5. God is great and wonderful, Compassionate, ‘ O Allah glory
and praise are for You and blessed is Your Name and exalted
is Your Majesty’.
6. No intermediaries
7. God is ‘the Accepter of Prayer’……Dua is at the end to ask for
forgiveness.
Religious Significance
1. Contact God 5 times a day
2. Muslim can never forget submission (at all times)
3. Unites and expression of brotherhood; pray in lines behind
the imam, same words, same actions, social factor closer to
his fellows
4. Brings awareness of the fundamentals- submission and
peace
5. Salah is a discipline-regularity, punctuality
6. Sins removal as Hadith says, ‘The five prayers remove sins as
water removes dirt’.
7. First question about it on the Day of Judgement
Exam Question
Explore the practice of Salah within Islam
[8 marks]
PLAN