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Pathology of Non-Domestic Species Linden Craig, DVM, PhD, DACVP April 1, 2017 1. Canidae Fox distemper Coyote parvovirus Fox Sarcoptes scabiei Coyote Sarcoptes scabiei (not chupacabra) Bobcat (not a canid) mange caused by ____________________________________________________ 2. Cervidae White Tail Deer antleromas – caused by ___________________________________________________ White Tail Deer demodex – older deer White Tail Deer Dermatophilus congolensis - fawns White Tail Deer Elaeophora schneideri – food impaction White Tail Deer microphthalmia - anterior segment dysgenesis Kudu - ______________________________________________________________________________ Elk - Echinococcus granulosus 1 3. Bovidae Bison Malignant Catarrhal Fever – lesion is _________________________________________________ Bison Ostertagia ostertagi Bison Hypoderma bovis (or H. lineatum) 4. Marsupials Opossum Besnoitia darlingi Macropods (Kangaroos and Wallabies) Toxoplasma gondii Macropods mandibular osteomyelitis – Fusobacterium necrophorum Wombat fun fact ______________________________________________________________________ 5. Rodentia Groundhog (woodchuck) hepatocellular carcinoma Naked mole rat calcinosis Naked mole rat most common cause of death ______________________________________________ Naked mole rate most common renal lesion ________________________________________________ 2 6. Felidae Lion Chiari-like malformation Biliary cysts (von Meyenburg complexes) predisposed species _________________________________ Lion (and tiger) lymphoma Tiger pyometra Tiger tubulointerstitial nephritis Tiger papillary necrosis - due to __________________________________________________________ Tiger Blastomyces dermatitidis Tiger metastatic mammary carcinoma Clouded leopard - pheochromocytoma, associated lesion _____________________________________ Liger brain diagnosis: __________________________________________________________________ 7. Mustelidae Group of ferrets = _____________________________________________________________________ Ferret tumors – lymphoma, insulinoma, adrenocortical, and chordoma Ferret coronavirus Ferret subpleural macrophage foci Red panda polycystic kidneys (+/- biliary cysts) Red panda Microsporum gypseum – severe invasive lesions in young Anteater (not a mustelid at all) heart _____________________________________________________ Hedgehog (also not a mustelid) - common oral lesion is _______________________________________ 3 8. Ursidae Black bear hydrocephalus Black bear Ursicoptes americanus Black bear heartworm _________________________________________________________________ Blue intestines caused by: ______________________________________________________________ 9. Camelidae Camel Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS coronavirus) Camelid anatomy: scalloped liver and pigmented esophagus with prominent glands Camelid anemic pallor: Haemonchus contortus or Mycoplasma haemolamae Camelid Heterobilharzia amerciana Camelid fatty liver associated lesion: ______________________________________________________ 10. Birds Parrot dilated intestines caused by _______________________________________________________ Budgerigar - Macrorhabdus ornithogaster Eagle hydrocephalus caused by __________________________________________________________ Kestrel oral lesion caused by ____________________________________________________________ Finch conjunctivitis caused by ___________________________________________________________ Avian pox 4 Duck amyloidosis (swans even more predisposed) Owl synovial joint lesion ________________________________________________________________ Crane chick disease ____________________________________________________________________ Rooster with oral pox Penguin melanoma Why do penguins wear beer cozies? ______________________________________________________ 11. Reptiles Eastern box turtle diagnosis _____________________________________________________________ Bearded dragon - Chrysosporium anamorph of N. vriessi (CANV) or Paranannizziopsis australasiensis Snake - Entamoeba invadens colitis Snake - Cryptosporidium serptentis; in lizards lesion is in ______________________________________ 5 References 1. Emergence of Canine Distemper virus strains with modified molecular signature and enhanced neuronal tropism leading to high mortality in wild carnivores Veterinary Pathology 49:913-929, 2012 2. Pathology in Practice: Sarcoptic mange in a coyote JAVMA 246:63-65, 2015 3. Antleroma in a free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Veterinary Pathology 52:213-216, 2015 4. Demodectic mange, dermatophilosis, and other parasitic and bacterial dermatologic diseases in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the United States from 1975 to 2012 Veterinary Pathology 51:633-640, 2015 5. Malignant catarrhal fever in a bison (Bison bison) feedlot, 1993-2000 Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 14:183-193, 2002 6. Spontaneous histologic lesions of the adult naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber): a retrospective survey of lesions in a zoo population Veterinary Pathology 50:607-621, 2013 7. Renal pathology in a nontraditional aging model: the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) Veterinary Pathology 53:493-503, 2016 8. Hepatic lesions in 90 captive nondomestic felids presented for autopsy Veterinary Pathology 52:369-376, 2015 9. Malignant lymphoma in African lions (Panthera leo) Veterinary Pathology 47:952-957, 2010 10. Renal lesions of nondomestic felids Veterinary Pathology 48:698-705, 2011 11. Histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of pheochromocytomas in 20 clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa) Veterinary Pathology 54:269-276, 2017 12. Nonlesions, unusual cell types, and postmortem artifacts in the central nervous system of domestic animals Veterinary Pathology 50:122-143, 2012 13. Ferret coronavirus-associated diseases VCNA: Exotic Animal Practice 13:543-560, 2010 14. Systemic coronavirus-associated disease resembling FIP in ferrets in the UK Veterinary Record 171:200-201, 2012 15. Systemic coronaviral disease in 5 ferrets Comparative Medicine 65:508-516, 2015 16. Polycystic kidneys in the red panda (Ailurus fulgens) Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 44:777-780, 2013 17. Hydrocephalus in three juvenile north American black bears (Ursus americanus) Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 47:632-635, 2016 18. Replication and shedding of MERS-CoV in upper respiratory tract of inoculated dromedary camels Emerging Infectious Diseases 20:1999-2005, 2014 19. Diagnostic sampling and gross pathology of new world camelids Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 28:577-591, 2012 20. Heterobilharzia americana infection and congestive heart failure in a llama (Lama glama) Veterinary Pathology 52:562-565, 2015 21. Hepatic encephalopathy associated with hepatic lipidosis in llamas (Lama glama) Veterinary Pathology 50:177181, 2013 22. Clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical findings in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) naturally infected with West Nile virus Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 26:599-609, 2014 23. Pathology in Practice: Synovial chondromatosis in an owl JAVMA 245:767-769, 2014 24. Malignant Melanoma in the penguin: characterization of the clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of malignant melanoma in 10 individuals from 3 species of penguin Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 45:534-549, 2014 6