Download Life in Nazi Germany - St Flannan`s College History

Life in Nazi Germany
In 1919 in the aftermath of WWI the victorious A______ met in P______ to draw up a peace treaty. Germany,
however they were threatened with war if they didn’t sign.
Terms of Treaty of V___________
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German army was limited to __________ soldiers.
C_______________ (forced military service) was forbidden.
Germany was forbidden to station troops in the R______________ - a region that bordered France.
The War G________ Clause blamed Germany for starting the war.
Germany lost land to F________, P_________and D___________. The German C__________ in Africa and Asia
were taken away from them.
Germany was not allowed to unite with A__________ (the Anschluss).
Germany had to pay compensation or r________________ of over €8 billion to the Allies
The Germans were outraged with the treaty. They hoped that one day the treaty would be torn up and Germany
would be a great power again. These were the exact policies of Adolf Hitler who came to power in Germany in 1933.
Hitler’s rise to power
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Hitler blamed the W__________ politicians for Germany’s defeat in WWI. He referred to them as the
N_____________ Criminals.
He also believed that Germany had been betrayed by the J____ and the C______________.
He attacked the weak democratic system in Germany and said that a strong leader was needed.
In 1923 Hitler tried to seize power in M________. The coup failed and Hitler was sentenced to prison where
he wrote his autobiography M_____ K_______ (my struggle). After release from prison he set about rebuilding
his party and was now committed to electoral success.
1923 to 1929 US loans led to prosperity for Germany. There was little support for Hitler’s extreme views. In
1928 the Nazi party only won ___ seats in the R_____________ (German parliament).
1929 and the W_____ S________ Crash changed everything. Businesses closed and unemployment soared.
The government could not deal with the crisis.
Germans were won over by Hitler’s confidence that he could solve Germany’s problems. He won support from
businessmen who were afraid of a C____________ takeover. The Army supported him because of his aim to
restore Germany’s pride and the workers supported him because he promised jobs.
On January 30th 1933 Hitler became the C___________ (Prime Minster) of Germany.
Establishing a dictatorship
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The Nazis took control of the police. The SA or b_______________ was now free to beat up political
opponents.
In February 1933 the R____________ was burned down by a Dutch C_______________. The C____________
party was banned and 10,000 political opponents were arrested.
In March the German parliament passed the E____________ Act which gave Hitler the power to pass laws
without getting them approved by parliament. He was now a dictator.
1933 all other political parties and Trade U_______ were banned.
Strict censorship ensured that articles that praised the Nazis were printed.
A secret police force, the G____________ was set up to keep an eye on the population.
Hitler was now “Der F________” the leader.
Mr D Vaughan – St Flannan’s College, Ennis
The Night of the Long Knives
The only potential threat to Hitler’s power came from the leader of the SA Ernst R________. R_______ talked about
the SA becoming the new army of Germany. Many Nazis were jealous of R______’s power. Hitler decided to destroy
the power of the SA. On the 30th of June 1940 more than _______ were killed. Hitler informed the German public that
he acted because the Brownshirts were planning a revolt.
Propaganda
Joseph G__________ was placed in charge of propaganda. Under G____________ the Nazis were very successful at
getting their message across to the German people. In Nazi Germany you could only read, see or hear what the Nazi
Party wanted you to read, see or hear. Posters were displayed throughout Germany portraying Hitler as Germany’s
saviour. There was a massive propaganda campaign to demonise the Jews and blame them for all Germany’s
problems. In the press and in films Jews were depicted as vermin and traitors to Germany and they weren’t to be
trusted.
Nazi Economy
Hitler had come to power with the promise to end Germany’s unemployment problems. In 1932 there were __million
unemployed by 1939 there were very few people without work.
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C___________ (compulsory military service) introduced in 1935 created thousands of jobs.
Thousands of people were hired in massive public works schemes building r_____ and h______.
Factories were created to make weapons and aircraft, very labour intensive.
Jews were fired from their jobs and not included on unemployment lists.
Women were encouraged to stay at home and look after their families.
Thousands of people got jobs working in the Nazi civil service, Gestapo etc.
His handling of the economy was one of the main reasons why he had so much support in Germany. He had promised
to end the unemployment problem and he succeeded.
Nazi Persecution of the Jews (A_____ S_________)
Hitler had a deep hatred of Jewish people. He regarded them as the source of Germany’s problems and he blamed
them for Germany’s defeat in WWI. Jews made up __% of the German population, about 500,000 people.
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In 1933 a b_________ of Jewish shops was organised.
1933 Jews were not allowed work for the government or get state contracts.
1935 the N_____________ Laws stated Jews were no longer c_____________ of Germany. Jews were
forbidden from marrying non-Jews.
In 1938 90 Jews were killed and 30,000 arrested on the Night of the B________ G_________
(K________nacht). Jewish property and shops were destroyed. Every s_____________ (place of Jewish
worship) was destroyed. To make matters worse Jews were forced to pay for the damage done by the SA.
At first the main aim was to get Jews to e________________ (leave the country). They could only leave on the
condition that they gave up their property.
When World War II started the Nazis occupied many countries with much larger Jewish populations. Forced
emigration was no longer possible.
The Nazis began to put Jews in concentration camps such as D_______ and B________. The most notorious
was A_____________ where over one million Jews were killed.
Many were forced to work as slave labour in factories, mines and quarries.
In 1941 Hitler developed a plan known as the Final S___________ to exterminate all Jews living in Nazi
Germany.
It is estimated that up to __Million Jews perished during the H__________.
Mr D Vaughan – St Flannan’s College, Ennis
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As well as Jews, Roma gypsies, Poles, Communists and homosexuals died at these camps.
Mr D Vaughan – St Flannan’s College, Ennis