Download Kinesiology_Lab_files/Lab 4. The Hip

Hip Anatomy and Biomechanics
Lab 4.
M ATERI ALS
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human torso model
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Hip models
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human skeleton
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Visible Body Application
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Anatomage dissection table
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textbook and lecture notes for reference
O BJECTIVES
Upon the completion of these laboratory exercises, you should be able to:
1. Identify various anatomical structures of the hip joint.
2. Identify the muscles of the hip and thigh.
3. Apply biomechanical principles to the hip joint.
4. Identify origin, insertion, nerve innervation and actions of the hip joint.
5 . Apply kinisiological applications to common exercises.
Key Muscles
Psoas major
gluteus maximus
tensor fasciae latae
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
piriformis
obturator internus
gemellus superior
gemellus inferior
quadratus femoris
obturator externus
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis
Key Skeletal Anatomy
Ilium
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Iliac crest:
Anterior superior iliac spine:
Anterior inferior iliac spine:
Posterior superior iliac spine:
Posterior inferior iliac spine:
Greater sand lesser sciatic notch:
greater and lessor sciatic foramen
Ramus of ischium:
Pubis
 Superior ramus:
 Inferior ramus:
 Pubic crest and tubercle:
 Symphysis pubis:
Acetabulum
 articular ( lunate) surface
 Medial and lateral epicondyles:
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Femur:
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obturator foramen
Sacroiliac joint.
Iliac fossa:
Ischium
Ischial tuberosity:
Ischial spine:
Obturator foramen:
Head:
Fovea capitis:
Neck:
Greater Trochanter:
Lesser trochanter:
Medial and lateral condyles:
Ligaments
 sacrotuberous ligament
 sacrospinous ligament
 ischiofemoral ligament
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illio-femoral ligament
pubofemoral ligament
acetabular labrum
Exercise 1. Identify the following muscles on the Anatomage Table and
laboratory models. Write down their individual functions.
1.
psoas major
a. Origin: T12, L1-L5 body and transverse processes , intervertebral disc and base
of sacrum
b. Insertion: lesser trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: lumbar plexus L2,3 (1,4)
d. Actions:
2.
Illiacus
a.
b.
c.
d.
Origin: iliac crest and inner surface of ilium
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Nerve innervation: femoral L2,3
Actions:
3.
Piriformis
a. Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum
b. Insertion: greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: ant rami S1,2
d. Actions:
4.
Obturator externus
a. Origin: outer surface of the obturator foramen
b. Insertion: posterior surface of greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: obturator L3,4
d. Actions:
5.
Obturator internus
a. Origin: inner surface of the obturator foramen
b. Insertion: posterior surface of greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: sacral plexus L5, S1-3
d. Actions:
6.
Gemellus superior
a. Origin: ischium
b. Insertion: posterior surface of greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: sacral plexus from obturator internus
d. Actions:
7.
Gemellus inferior
a. Origin: ischium
b. Insertion: posterior surface of greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: sacral plexus from quadratus femoris muscle
d. Actions:
8.
Quadratus femoris
a. Origin: ischium
b. Insertion: posterior surface of greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: sacral plexus L5, S1
d. Actions:
9.
Gluteus maximus
a. Origin: iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
b. Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity femur
c. Nerve innervation: inferior gluteal L5, S1,2
d. Actions:
10. Tensor fasciae latae
a. Origin: anterior iliac crest, ASIS
b. Insertion: ilio-tibial band/tract
c. Nerve innervation: superior gluteal L4,5, S1
d. Actions:
11. Gluteus medius
a. Origin: lateral surface of ilium below crest
b. Insertion: posterior middle surface of greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: superior gluteal L4,5,S1
d. Actions:
12. Gluteus minimus
a. Origin: lateral surface of the ilium below medius
b. Insertion: anterior surface of greater trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: superior gluteal L4,5,S1
d. Actions:
13. Gracilis
a.
b.
c.
d.
Origin: inferior pubis ramus
Insertion: anterior medial condyle of tibia ( pes anserine)
Nerve innervation: obturator L3,4
Actions:
14. Pectineus
a. Origin: pubis
b. Insertion: linea aspera below the lessor trochanter
c. Nerve innervation: femoral L2-4
d. Actions:
15. Adductor longus
a. Origin: anterior pubis
b. Insertion: middle 3rd of the linea aspera
c. Nerve innervation: obturator L3,4
d. Actions:
16. Adductor brevis
a. Origin: inferior pubis ramus
b. Insertion: linea aspera
c. Nerve innervation: obturator L3,4
d. Actions:
17. Adductor magnus
a. Origin: pubis, ischium, ischial tuberosity
b. Insertion: linea aspera, adductor tubercle
c. Nerve innervation: obturator L3,4 (pubic part), sciatic (ischial part)
d. Actions:
Exercise 2.
Exercise A
Up phase
Muscles involved
Anatomic
plane
Axis of
rotation
Concentric/
Eccentric
Contraction/
isometric
Muscles involved
Anatomic
plane
Axis of
rotation
Concentric/
Eccentric
Contraction/
isometric
Muscles involved
Anatomic
plane
Axis of
rotation
Concentric/
Eccentric
Contraction/
isometric
Down phase
Exercise B
Up phase
Down phase
Exercise C
Up phase
Down phase
Exercise D
Muscles involved
Anatomic plane
Axis of rotation
Concentric/
Eccentric
Contraction/
isometric
Muscles involved
Anatomic plane
Axis of rotation
Concentric/
Eccentric
Contraction/
isometric
Up phase
Down phase
Exercise E
Up phase
Down phase