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Atomic Mass
The number at right or bottom of the element cube
representing the average number of protons & neutrons.
Atomic Number
The number at top or left in the element cube that
tells how many protons are found in the nucleus
of one atom of the element.
Chemical Properties
• A characteristic of a substance that becomes known
during a chemical reaction. Also, a characteristic
depending on the arrangement of the atoms in the
molecule .
Chemical Reaction
The changes that happen in substances as they
rearrange themselves.
Compound
Substance made up of two or more different
elements that are chemically combined.
Electron
A particle that is orbiting the nucleus of an atom and has
a negative charge; its mass is almost 0 (0.0005 amu)
Element
Substance made up of only one type of atom.
Element Cube
Atomic Number
Element Symbol
Element Name
Atomic Mass
One square of the Periodic Table containing the elements
name, symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
Group/Family
The columns (vertical) on the Periodic Table of
Elements. Each family of elements have the same
number of valence electrons creating the same
reactivity. There are 18 families.
Metalloids
Silicon
A classification of elements where elements have
properties similar to both metals and nonmetals.
Metalloids are located along the dark zigzag line on the
Periodic Table of elements, dividing the metals from
the nonmetals.
Metals
Any of a large group of chemical elements located on the
left side of the Periodic Table of Elements. Metals are
generally good conductors of electricity and heat,
malleable, ductile, shiny (high in luster). All metals except
mercury are solid at room temperature.
Neutron
A particle that is in the nucleus of the atom,
does not have a charge and has a mass of 1 amu
Non-Metals
Any of a large group of chemical elements located on
the right side of the Periodic Table of Elements. NonMetals are generally poor conductors of electricity
and heat, brittle (breaks easily), & dull (low luster).
Nucleus
Nucleus
The center of an atom, made of protons and
neutrons
The Periodic Table
of Elements
A chart that shows all known elements arranged
by atomic number
Period/Row
The rows (horizontally) of the Periodic Table of
Elements. Represents the number of electron
orbitals (shells). There are 7 rows/periods.
Proton
A particle that is in the nucleus of the atom and
has a positive charge with a mass of 1 amu
Substances
Matter which is uniform and has a
fixed composition.
Transition Metals
The metallic elements found in groups 3 through 12
Atom
The smallest particle of a substance that has all the
properties of the substance
Balanced Equation
• A symbolic representation showing the kind and
amount of the starting materials (reactants) that
will yield the same kind and amount of ending
materials (products) in a chemical reaction.
Chemical Equations
An equation representing the parts of a
chemical reaction. The chemical equation shows
the reactants combining to produce a product.
Chemical Formulas
A set of symbols that describes the number of
atoms of each element in a compound
Coefficient
5H2O
The large number before an element symbol or
compound that represents the number of
molecules present
Electron Cloud
Electron Cloud
The area around the nucleus of an atom where
the electrons are located
Law of Conservation of Mass
States matter cannot be created or destroyed, it can
only change form
Precipitant
A solid formed after a chemical reaction in a
solution.
Product
Compound(s) and/or element(s) that
are formed during a chemical reaction
Reactant
Compound or element that changes during a chemical
reaction
Reactivity
The ability of an atom to undergo
a chemical reaction
Subatomic Particle
The parts of an atom including protons,
neutrons, and electrons
Subscript
H2O
The small number at after an element symbol
representing the number of atoms of the
element in a chemical formula or chemical
equation
Valence Electron
The electron(s) located in the outer most shell
(orbital) of an atom
Chemical Bond
Force of attraction that holds together atoms in a
compound