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Transcript 
DNA
Replication/Transcription/Translation
Terms
• DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
Terms
• DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
• Nucleotide: Building block of DNA. Consists
of Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and
sugar
Terms
• DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
• Nucleotide: Building block of DNA. Consists
of Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and
sugar
• 4 nitrogenous bases:
– Adenine
– Thymine
– Guanine
– Cytosine
Terms
• DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
• Nucleotide: Building block of DNA. Consists
of Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and
sugar
• 4 nitrogenous bases:
– Adenine
– Thymine
– Guanine
– Cytosine
A-T
G-C
Replication
• Occurs in the nucleus during S phase of cell
cycle.
Replication
• Occurs in the nucleus during S phase of cell
cycle.
• Why? So that each new cell can have an
identical copy after division.
Protein synthesis
• Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and
reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is
formed. (single stranded)
Protein synthesis
• Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and
reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is
formed. (single stranded)
– Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row.
Protein synthesis
• Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and
reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is
formed. (single stranded)
– Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row.
– RNA: single stranded mirror image of DNA
Protein synthesis
• Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and
reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is
formed. (single stranded)
– Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row.
– RNA: single stranded mirror image of DNA
– Uracil: RNA’s version of thymine
• (DNA has “T”. RNA has “U”.)
Protein synthesis
• Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and
reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is
formed. (single stranded)
– Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row.
– RNA: single stranded mirror image of DNA
– Uracil: RNA’s version of thymine
• (DNA has “T”. RNA has “U”.)
– Codon: 3 mRNA bases in a row
Protein synthesis
• Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome
and tRNA is created (single stranded)
Protein synthesis
• Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome
and tRNA is created (single stranded)
– Anticodon: series of 3 tRNA bases
Protein synthesis
• Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome
and tRNA is created (single stranded)
– Anticodon: series of 3 tRNA bases
– Amino acid: building block of protein
Protein synthesis
• Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome
and tRNA is created (single stranded)
– Anticodon: series of 3 tRNA bases
– Amino acid: building block of protein
– Polypeptide: chain of amino acids…creates a
protein
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